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Physical Science

Embark on a SCUBA diving project to uncover the lost treasure in a sunken city. Calculate air consumption, pressure, and dive route to maximize success. Dive deep and plan meticulously to secure the treasure!

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Physical Science

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  1. Physical Science Sunken Treasure Project*

  2. What title will you choose? • In the realm of ClassCraft, you must discover the treasure that is found in a sunken city • *NOTE: If you are not participating in ClassCraft, feel free to name this SCUBA diving project • You are given a special helmet that allows you to see underwater as well as a special backpack that allows you to breathe underwater for a short time • The time depends on the person and the depth

  3. Can’t hold your breath • Your backpack holds the equivalent of 2200 L of air • The average person breathes 1 L of air with each breath • To determine how long your air will last, you must first determine how long it will last above water

  4. How long will the air last • To find out how many breathes you take each minute • With a partner, breath normally for one minute and count the number of breathes you take • Do this at least three times and take the average • Multiply the average times 1 L • This tells you the amount of air per minute that you would breathe

  5. How long will the air last…you? • Now you need to know how long the air would last ABOVE the water • Divide the amount of air in the tank by YOUR air per minute . • Example: A person breathes an average of 20 breathes per minute • 20 x 1 = 20 L of air per minute • 2200/ 20 = 110 minutes of air (above water)

  6. Freshen up a bit Above the water, you have one atmosphere of pressure above you • As you dive deeper, there is more and more water pressure adding to the air pressure • The amount depends on the depth and the type of water • In freshwater, every 33 feet of depth equals 1 atm of air • If you dive 33 feet, there is 1 atm of water and 1 atm of air = 2 atm • If you dive 66 feet, there is 2 atm of water and 1 atm of air = 3 atm • In saltwater, the water is heavier (from the salt), so you don’t have to dive as deep to increase the pressure

  7. (Not) in the salty air • In saltwater, every 30 feet of depth equals 1 atm of air • If you dive 30 feet, then there is 1 atm of water and 1 atm of air= 2 atm • If you dive 60 feet, then there is 2 atm of water and 1 atm of air = 3 atm

  8. How to determine how much pressure for a depth • For any depth, to determine the amount of pressure • Saltwater: depth/30 + 1 • Freshwater: depth/33 + 1 • This will be important later

  9. Planning Factor • The treasure is inside a sunken building inside a sunken city • The city was near the sea when it slid it became submerged. • That means, you should plan for a salt water dive

  10. TREASURE MAP Start Point X

  11. How long will it take you to swim? • You determine that your swim speed is 25 feet per minute • You must determine: • How long you will spend at each depth • How much air you will use at each depth • It will take you 2 minutes to pick the lock on the treasure chest OR you can swim with the whole thing at ½ speed • Next, you will need to know some measurements

  12. Horizontal Distances 20 feet Start Point 60 feet 10 feet 15 feet 30 feet X

  13. Vertical Distances 10 feet Start Point 10 feet 50 feet 20 feet 5 feet 65 feet 10 feet 10 feet 5 feet X

  14. The Plan • You must decide what route that you will take to get to the treasure • Remember, you need to maximize your air supply, so I recommend swimming on the surface for as long as you can • This will not take away from your air supply • Break your dive into stages (0 ft depth, 10 ft depth, 20 ft depth, etc)

  15. The Plan, continued • Use your swim speed and the horizontal distances to determine how long you will spend at each depth • When you dive down, use the swim speed again to see how long you will dive • To be safe, use the deepest depth of that stage to figure out air usage • Any difference will be on the way back up • Speaking of, DON’T FORGET about swimming back to the start point!

  16. What to turn in • Take the map slide (slide #10) and sketch out your dive route • Label the distance and time for each segment as well as overall time • Show the breathing test that you did with your partner • Number of breathes for each minute and the average number of breathes per minute • The average amount of air per minute • Fill out the data table

  17. Data Table

  18. Data Table • Segment is for each swimming section that you do there AND back • On my example it would appear that I would have 7 segments (3 down, 1 at the bottom, and 3 back up) • However, as I travel through different depths, it would have to be broken up more • ONCE AGAIN, use straight horizontal and vertical distances for easier math • There is a section for Boyle’s Law calculations

  19. Boyle’s Law calculation tips • If you compare everything to the surface, it will be easier • P1 = 1 atm • V1 = 2200 L • P2 = Depends on the depth • V2 = this is what you will calculate • Divide V2 by your breathing rate to get the amount of air used.

  20. Example sketch • The following slide shows an example of a route that you could take • I don’t recommend it • You would be underwater longer • You will use more air • The math is more challenging (Pythagorean Theorem and all of that) • Once again, I suggest that you use straight horizontal and vertical movements instead of diagonal ones

  21. 76 feet; 3.04 minutes Start Point Total Time: 13.68 minutes 25 feet; 1 minute 45 feet; 1.8 minutes 2 minutes X

  22. WARNING • Don’t forget that the deeper you go, the faster your air will be used • At 60 feet, you are using air 3 times as fast as on the surface • So, if you spend 2 minutes at the bottom, you will use more than 6 minutes of air • Why more? Because it is deeper than 60 feet!

  23. ClassCraft rewards • For those of you NOT doing ClassCraft, this is a project grade • For those of you who are participating in ClassCraft, it is STILL a project grade. In addition, the game rewards are: • Up to 1050 XP (based on grade) • Every point over a 70 yields 15 XP • Up to 1000 GP (based on grade) • I will take your percentage grade and multiply this number for your reward

  24. Grading • I will be checking your thought processes and ESPECIALLY your Boyle’s Law calculations • Initial breathing calculations: 15% • Copy of treasure map with labeled distances and times for each segment as well as overall time: 25% • Completed data table with all calculations correct: 60%

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