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Chapter 19: Islam and Asia

Chapter 19: Islam and Asia. Warm Up Chapter 18. 5. Mercantilism: 6. What did capitalism bring to the New World? 7. Explain what “goods” were traded along the Triangle Trade “Atlantic Circuit”. Chartered companies were Private investors with trade monopolies in colonies

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Chapter 19: Islam and Asia

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  1. Chapter 19: Islam and Asia

  2. Warm Up Chapter 18 5. Mercantilism: 6. What did capitalism bring to the New World? 7. Explain what “goods” were traded along the Triangle Trade “Atlantic Circuit” • Chartered companies were • Private investors with trade monopolies in colonies • Maritime manufactures of maps and charts • Companies of missionaries and religious societies • Groups of Amerindian investors who pooled money and resources • The expansion of sugar plantations in the West Indies required • Increase in arable land • Increase in African slave trade • Creation of new markets among the Amerindians • Government consultants to oversee farming • Manumission permitted slaves to • Sell their surplus produce or goods from their own work • Have time off during certain religious holidays • Purchase or receive their freedom from slavery • Marry and not have families separated • The clockwise network of trade in the Atlantic was the • Continental Trade Route • Reverse Option Market • European Circuit • Atlantic Circuit

  3. I. Ottoman Empire to 1750 • A. Expansion and Frontiers • Osman established the Ottoman Empire in 1300 in northwest Anatolia. He and successors captured the Byzantine capital of Constantinople and established a general border with Iran • Egypt and Syria, Algeria and Tunis, Belgrade and Rhodes all were added to the Ottoman Empire • Ottomans fought with Venice for 200 years and forced the Venetians to pay a tribute. • Ottomans fought with Muslims merchants to drive out Portuguese in the Red Sea

  4. Osman I

  5. B. Central Institutions • Ottomans forced Balkan Christian men to fight: calling them Janissaries • Janissaries fought on foot and were armed with guns • Military class was the only class exempt from taxation • The sultan supplied justice and defense for the commoners (raya) and the commoners supplied taxes to support the military. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opac9IGV8fM&feature=related

  6. C. Crisis of Military State • Janissaries impact on society: • become more important and larger however firearms were very expensive • Calvary decreased as firearms become more prevalent • The use of short term mercenaries brought rebellions • Janissaries begin to overtake empire by marrying, starting businesses, and enrolling sons in Janissary corps

  7. D. Economic Change and Growing Weakness • Sultan secluded himself and the Janissaries became political elite • Europeans were finding other countries to trade with: overland trade had declined with Mongol fall • Europeans were overlooking Ottoman Empire in trade

  8. II. SafavidEmpire 1502-1722 • A. The Rise of the Safavids • Ismail declared himself shah of Iran in 1502 and ordering all followers Shi’ite Muslims • Iran (Shi’ite) became increasingly tense with its Sunni neighbors • B. Tale of Two Cities: Isfahan and Istanbul • Istanbul was a busy port city: location gave it a great cosmopolitan character with much business • Isfahan was an inland city with few Europeans: location was inland and was not a cosmopolitan city • Women in both cities were confined to the home • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ChLwnlFNJbA&feature=related

  9. Ismail I

  10. C. Economic Crises and Population Collapse • Manufactures included silk and carpets with small productivity • The expense of firearms forced the Safavids to establish a slave corp of soldiers • Decline of overland trade brought the capture of Isfahan in 1722 • Safavids also never had a navy and relied on English and Dutch for naval support

  11. III. MughalEmpire 1526-1761 • A. Political Foundations • Babur and Akbar establish this empire • Mughal empire relied on Europeans to be their navy • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwtNu1msJ4M&feature=related

  12. Babur

  13. Akbar

  14. B. Central Decay and Regional Challenges • Cities were regionalized and could not unite: schism between Hindu and Muslim was still very apparent, Akbar attempted to appease each religion • French intruded and dominated the trade in India • Factors: land grant system, failure to unite cities, and rise of regional powers • Mughal empire broke into regional powers

  15. IV. Maritime Worlds of Islam • A. Muslims in Southeast Asia • Islam spread throughout these countries by water trade • The people of these countries developed Islam to their own understanding • B. European Powers and Southern Seas • Dutch drove out Portuguese in Malacca in 1641 and established their colonial capital at Batavia (Jakarta) • European merchants came to Southeast Asia. • Dutch could not control monopoly on spice and turned to lumber and coffee.

  16. Columbian Exchange Worksheet

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