Nutritional Supplements Specifically Vitamins

1. Nutritional SupplementsSpecifically Vitamins Megan Donahue Unit 4 Assignment Kaplan University

2. Who should take them? • Pregnant women • Nursing mothers • Strict vegetarians • Vegans • People with food allergies or intolerances • Senior citizens • People with cancer, kidney diseases, cardiovascular issues or bone disease

3. WARNING!!!! • Nutritional supplements may cause drug interactions (www.nccam.nih.gov, 2012) • St. John’s wort, an herb, interacts with prescription antidepressants, and may not cause the desired affects (www.nccam.nih.gov. 2012) • Nutritional supplements may not be as “natural” as you think (www.nccam.nih.gov, 2012) • Supplements have been found to have hidden ingredients, drugs or other materials, instead of what is listed on the label (www.nccam.nih.gov, 2012)

4. WHAT SHOULD YOU DO? • Talk to your doctor • Ask if they could recommend something or refer you to someone based on maybe a lack of nutrition. • You may ask to see a nutritionist/dietician to look at your daily intake of food. • Tell your doctor if you are already taking something, it maybe affecting your prescription medication

5. WHAT SHOULD YOU DO? • Ask yourself… • What are the potential health benefits of the supplement product? • What is the product supposed to do? • Will it help me to eat, sleep, move bowels, help joint pain? • What are the potential benefits for me? • What is it supposed to do? What may be the results? • What in the vitamin is going to help? Is it Calcium for bones? Is it vitamin B6 for energy? Will there be side effects to any medication I am on?

6. WHAT SHOULD YOU DO? • Ask yourself… • What are the risks in taking this product? • Are there any side effects to taking it? • What is the proper dose to take? • Do I need to take the whole dosage? What happens if I take too much? • How, when, and how long should I take it? • Do I need to be on this forever? Or just for a short period of time?

7. WHAT CAN YOU DO? • Eat healthier A lot of the foods we eat, provide us with the nutrition our bodies need!

8. WHAT CAN YOU DO? • Be active

9. REGULATION • Food and Drug Administration (FDA) • They monitor the product once it is out on the market. • It is up to the manufacture to maintain the products identity, purity, strength, and composition (www.nih.gov, 2011). • IF they don’t….THEN… • The FDA takes action and removes the product from the market or works with the manufacture to recall the product (www.nih.gov, 2011)

10. REGULATION • FDA also monitors the information on the supplement’s label and package insert to make sure the it’s not misleading (www.nih.gov, 2011) • Federal Trade Commission (FTC) monitors the advertising on supplemental products to make sure they are truthful (www.nih.gov, 2011)

11. Supplements and the Elderly(Olivera & Palacios, 2012) • Puerto Rico • An increase of use of nutritional supplements in the elderly population • Cross-sectional study of 130 subjects • Ages: 60+ • Data: collected from a validated questionnaire • Objective: to find out the what supplements were used in the population and if there were health risks associated with it and medications

12. Supplements and the Elderlycontinued • RESULTS: • 63% of the subjects were women • The most common supplements used • Multivitamin and calcium • Non-vitamin/non-mineral used • Garlic, chondroitin, glucosamine, and ginger • Conditions most related to usage • Hypertension and arthritis • Number of health risks • 8 possible due to using the non-vitamin/non-mineral with anticoagulants and antidiabetics

13. RECOMMEND9 Nutrients (Jaret, n.d.) • B12 • Creating red blood cells and DNA • Fish, meat, poultry, eggs, milk and milk products • Folate/Folic Acid • Lots of fruits and vegetables • Fortified breakfast cereals

14. RECOMMEND9 Nutrients • Calcium • Building and maintaining strong bones • Dairy products, kale, broccoli (great in smoothies) • Vitamin D • Helps the body to absorb calcium, maintain bone density and prevent osteoporosis • Cereals, milk, salmon, eggs and tuna

15. RECOMMEND9 Nutrients • Potassium • Vital for cell function, reduce high blood pressure and risk of kidney stones • Bananas, prunes, plums and potatoes with skin • Magnesium • Aides the immune system, helps the heart and bones • Fresh fruits and vegetables, unprocessed foods, whole grains, beans, and seeds

16. RECOMMEND9 Nutrients • Fiber • Helps food to move in digestive tract, protects against heart disease • Whole grains, nuts, seeds, fruits and vegetables • Omega-3 Fats • May reduce symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, slow down age-related macular degeneration • 2 servings of fish a week: salmon, tuna, sardine or mackerel • Soybeans, walnuts, flaxseed and canola oil

17. RECOMMEND9 Nutrients • Water

18. RESEARCH • The following sites have research information on dietary supplements • Office of Dietary Supplements • http://ods.od.nih.gov/ • National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine • http://nccam.nih.gov/ • National Library of Medicine • http://www.nlm.nih.gov/ • NIH Health Information • http://health.nih.gov/

19. CONCLUSION • Thank you for allowing me to speak to you. • I hope I have taught you something new. • I hope you will share with someone else what you have learned.

20. REFERENCES • www.webmd.com . (2014). The Truth Behind the Top 10 Dietary Supplements. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/diet/features/truth-behind-top-10-dietary-supplements?page=2 • www.nccam.nih.gov. (2012). Safe Use of Dietary Supplements • www.nih.gov. (2011). Dietary Supplements: What you need to know • Olivera, EJ., & Palacios, C. (2012). Use of Supplements in Puerto Rican older adults residing in an elderly project. University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus. Retrieved from the Kaplan Library • Vitamin picture: Dreamstime.com • Jaret, P. (n.d.). Older Adults: 9 Nutrients You May Be Missing. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/healthy-aging/nutrition-world-2/missing-nutrients