Ch. 3 The Rock and Fossil Record Review

1. Ch. 3 The Rock and Fossil Record Review

2. Which of the following words describes change according to the principle of uniformitariansim? • Sudden • Rare • Global • Gradual 25 of 27

3. Scientists who study past life including fossils of plants and animals are called . . . 27 25 • Archeologists • Anthropologists • Uniformitarianists • Paleontologists

4. Determining whether an object is older or younger than other objects is called . . • Relative dating • Superposition • Absolute dating • Geologic dating 25 of 27

5. Molten rock that squeezes into existing rock and cools is called • Fold • Fault • Intrusion • Unconformity 24 of 27

6. Fossils are most often preserved in • Ice • Rock • Amber • Tar pits 27 24 of 27 0

7. A cavity in rock where a plant or animal was buried is called • Cast • Mold • Imprint • Trace fossil 25 of 27

8. What is an index fossil? • A naturally preserved fossil that shows evidence of animal activity. • Tracks, burrows, nests of extinct animal. • A fossil of an organism that lived during a relatively short well-defined time span. • A fossil that represents a missing part of the geologic column 21 of 27

9. Erosion and nondeposition cause • Folding • Cross cutting • Intrusions • Unconformities 27 22 of 27 0

10. All of the following are types of unconformities EXCEPT . . . • Angular unconformities • Anticonformities • Disconformities • Nonconformities 20 of 27

11. Which of the following is in the correct order from largest to smallest amounts of time? • Eon, era, period • Epoch, era, period • Epoch, period, era • Period, era, eon 21 of 27

12. The Cretaceous, Jurassic and Triassic time periods were in what era? 27 23 • Cenzoic • Paleozoic • Phanerozoic • Mesozoic

13. Which of the following were NOT in the Paleozoic Era? • Permian • Archeon • Silurian • Ordivician 22 of 27

14. What eon, era and period do we live in? • Proterzoic, Cenozoic, Tertiary • Phanerozoic, Cenozoic, Quarternary • Paleozoic, Quarternary, Tertiary • Hadeon, Phanerozoic, Quarternary 20 of 27

15. The principle that outlines how rocks like undisturbed sequences with the older rocks on the bottom is called . . . • Relative dating • Radiometric dating • Superposition • Law of cross cutting 22 of 27

16. An unstable isotope is called the . . • Son isotope • Daughter isotope • Grandparent isotope • Parent isotope 0 of 27

17. Of the following isotopes, which is stable? • uranium-238 • carbon-12 • potassium-40 • carbon-14 25 of 27

18. Which method of radiometric dating is used mainly to date the remains of organisms that lived within the last 50,000 years? • carbon-14 dating • potassium-argon dating • uranium-lead dating • rubidium-strontium dating 21 of 27

19. The largest divisions of geologic time are called . . . 27 • Periods • Eons • Eras • Epochs 20

20. To determine the most accurate and precise age of Earth’s oldest rocks, geologists would use • Relative dating • The uranium-lead method • The carbon-14 method • Index fossils 27 20 of 27 0

21. Which of the following processes always occurs at a steady rate? • Erosion • Decay of organic matter • Sediment deposition • Radioactive decay 19 of 27

22. Which of the following is correct from oldest to youngest? • 3, 1, 6, 5, 4, 2 • 2, 4, 5, 3, 6, 1 • 4, 5, 2, 3, 6, 1 • 5, 4 , 2, 6, 1, 3 24 of 27

23. If a rock started with 260 g of potassium and 0 g of argon and had a half life of 10 years, how much potassium would be left after 4 half lives? • 40 years • 54 grams • 32.5 grams • 16.25 grams 21 of 27

24. If after 3 half lives there was only 8 grams of parent carbon 14 left, how much carbon was there to start with if the half life of carbon is 5,715 years long? • 1 gram • 64 grams • 17,415 years • 32 grams 21 of 27

25. How many years would it take for a 120 kg of a radioactive isotope to decay to 3.75 kg if the half life for that isotope was 3 years? • 15 years • 12 years • 40 years • 32 years 27 20 of 27 0