Commission Existing Buildings for Improved Building Operation Bryan Ancell- Eaton Corporation

1. Commission Existing Buildings for Improved Building Operation Bryan Ancell- Eaton Corporation Sustainable Design Wednesday, October 5, 2011

2. Agenda • Why Commission Existing Buildings? • What is Existing Bldg. Commissioning (EBCx)? • What is the EBCx Process? • Cost and Benefits of EBCx

3. Why Commission Existing Buildings

4. Contribution for total CO2 emissions: • Buildings: 38% • Transportation: 32% • Industrial: 30% • Buildings are responsible for: • Electrical consumption: 76% • Water use: 12%

5. 224 buildings (175 projects), of which 150 are existing buildings and 74 are new construction • Diversity of building types • 30.4 million square feet across 21 U.S. states • Existing buildings: median 151,000 ft2 • New construction: median 69,500 ft2 • 3,500 deficiencies identified in existing buildings • 5% of new buildings are commissioned “The Cost Effectiveness of Commercial-Building Commissioning. A Meta-Analysis of Energy and Non-Energy Impacts in Existing Buildings and New Construction in the United States”. Lawrence Berkeley National Labs, Portland Energy Conservation Inc, Texas A&M University. December 2004.

7. Existing Building Commissioning goes beyond quick fix • Determine root causes of problems • Optimize building systems • Control sequences that are optimized for efficient and effective operation • Often reduces or eliminates need for capital improvements THINK ABOUT IT AS A BUILDING“TUNE-UP!!”

9. Systematic process for investigating, analyzing, and optimizing the performance of building systems • Identification and implementation of low/no cost measures • May also include capital intensive Facility Improvement Measures • Ensure continued performance over time • Define the Current Facility Requirements -As defined by BCA “Best Practices” Process Variations include: Retro-Commissioning, Re-Commissioning, Monitoring Based Commissioning, Ongoing Commissioning, Continuous Commissioning TM

11. Existing Building Cx Phases Establish Goals, Owner Needs & EBCx Plan Planning Phase Evaluate Current System Performance with Owner Needs & Identify Improvements Investigation Phase Implement Recommended Improvements and Verify Performance Implementation Phase Establish Smooth Transition and Hand Over to O&M Staff Turnover Phase Ensure Continuous System Performance Improvement Persistence Phase -As defined by BCA “Best Practices”

12. Case Study – Yokota AB, Japan • 27 buildings • Hospital, Communications,Admin., Recreation Center,Schools • Total Area: 1,219,538 SF • 24 ECMs identified • 13 FIMs identified • 3 Capital Improvements projects • Estimated 19% system electrical energy savings and 14% system fuel oil savings

13. Case Study – Planning Phase Purpose: Information Gathering Deliverables: Planning Phase Report, Deficiency Log Tasks Performed: Building walkthroughs Facility operator interviews Building documentation collection Calculate baseline utility usage – 3 years

15. Case Study – Investigation Phase Purpose: Identify Baseline Operating Conditions Deliverables: Investigation Phase Report, Deficiency Log Tasks Performed: Data monitoring Functional testing TAB verification

16. Project Overview – Investigation Phase Tasks Performed: Identify energy saving opportunities ECOs CIs Identify facility improvement opportunities FIMs Energy savings calculations Prepare cost estimates

17. Project Overview – Implementation Phase Purpose: Verify and track status of deficiencies identified in Investigation Phase Deliverable: Deficiency Log Tasks Performed: Select deficiencies for correction (by owner) Correct deficiencies (by owner O&M staff) Verify deficiency correction (by provider)

18. Project Overview – Turnover Phase Purpose: Provide final documentation and conduct project training Deliverables: Final Reports, Deficiency Log, Facility Manuals Tasks Performed: Prepare and submit final EBCx Report Prepare and submit facility manuals Conduct Lessons Learned Session and project training

19. Yokota AB, Japan – Airside Measures • Account for 75% of RCx energy savings, 76% of cost savings, and 43% of implementation costs. • Schedule Control Optimization • Economizer Control Optimization • Supply Air Temperature Control Optimization • Restore Variable Speed Control - Fans • Repair Broken Equipment

20. Yokota AB, Japan – Cooling Measures • Account for 5% of RCx energy savings and cost savings, and 10% of implementation costs. • Apply Cooling System Lockout • Implement Automated BAS Control • Repair Broken Equipment

21. Yokota AB, Japan – Heating Measures • Account for 9% of RCx energy savings, 6% of cost savings, and 8% of implementation costs. • Apply Heating System Lockout • Optimize HWST Control • Repair Steam Leaks

22. “Top 10” HVAC Opportunities Found 10. Sensors out of calibration 9. Repair inoperable controls hardware (dampers & valves) 8. Improve cooling tower sequencing/lower cond. water temps 7. Improve chiller sequencing (including lockout control) 6. Return VFDs to variable speed operation 5. Optimize supply air static pressure set points 4. Ensure proper ventilation airflow rate (min. OA, DCV) 3. Optimize/restore economizer operation 2. Implement reset schedules to eliminate simultaneous heating and cooling 1. Turn off equipment when not needed (Scheduled S/S)

23. “Top 5” Gas Opportunities 5. Optimize lockout control strategy 4. Implement aggressive air and water temperature reset strategies (HWS vs OA, MAT vs RAT, night setbacks, space temperatures) 3. Tune-up terminal units to eliminate simultaneous heating and cooling (valve leakage) 2. Optimum start/stop vs. scheduled start/stop (close OSA!! – let Building “coast” to end of day) 1. Turn off heating plant when not needed (Scheduled S/S)

25. 1. EBCx Should Save Energy and Solve Problems 2. Financial Requirements and Implementation Commitment Before Investigation 3. Qualified EBCx Service Provider 4. Emphasize O&M Staff Involvement and Buy In 5. Training for O&M Staff & Documentation 6. Establish Benchmarks and Ongoing Monitoring and Verification (Robust BAS)

26. Existing Building Cx Benefits Corrections are typically low cost measures to implement Training O&M staff to sustain ongoing building performance improvement Savings are realized in energy cost, O&M costs, avoided capital—typically 5% to 20% in energy costs alone Paybacks typically 6 mo to 2 years – 50% to 200% ROI What is the cost of lost productivity or loss of comfort in poor environment???

27. Planning & Budgeting for EBCx Must establish $$$ early in planning process Overall cost for EBCx fees - $0.25 to $0.75 per SF, however, fee is more dependent on systems investigated rather than size of building Laboratories and other advanced buildings (hospitals, etc) can be more Costs for implementation can range from $0.20 to $0.60 per SF to implement, depending on type of measures and complexity Energy savings from EBCx process: $0.20 to $0.75 per SF

28. QUESTIONS ??? Contact Information: Bryan Ancell Eaton Corp 210-260-4136 bryantancell@eaton.com