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HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND SETTLEMENTS – 1b

HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND SETTLEMENTS – 1b. Spatial Organization of Human Activities Dr. J. Kivelia Department of Geography University of Dar es Salaam. Outline. Introduction – spatial organization of human activities Locational Theories Von Thunen’s Agricultural Location Theory

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HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND SETTLEMENTS – 1b

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  1. HUMAN ACTIVITIES AND SETTLEMENTS – 1b Spatial Organization of Human Activities Dr. J. Kivelia Department of Geography University of Dar es Salaam

  2. Outline • Introduction – spatial organization of human activities • Locational Theories • Von Thunen’sAgricultural Location Theory • Alfred Webber’s Industrial Location Theory

  3. Von Thunen’s Theory

  4. Alfred Webber’s Theory • A theory of determining optimal location of industries • Developed by Alfred Webber 1868 – 1958 • Referred to as The Least Cost Theory • Pays attention to: • transport costs, and • weights to be transported • Decision on location will depend on weights or bulkiness/perishability of materials to be moved

  5. Factors to be considered • The phases of manufacturing/production process • Collection of raw materials & other inputs of production (labour, power supply, etc.) • Manufacturing process & production of finished goods • Distribution of finished goods • Spatial separation (distance) between location of raw materials, markets & other inputs of production • Usually located separately • There is distance to be overcomed

  6. The Key Question • Where then to locate an industry? • At source of raw materials? • At the market? • Anywhere?

  7. TODAY’S MENU

  8. Key areas for revision – Human activities • Determinants of human activities and how they influence variations in the spatial distribution of those activities • Types of human activities – show & substantiate that classification is based on a continuum of: • increasing complexity of products/services • increasing distance from direct relations with the PE • Theories of spatial distribution of human activities • Von Thunen’s concentric rings theory • Alfred Webber’s industrial location theory

  9. FOOD FOR THOUGHT • ‘One approach in the classification of human activities is to view them as ranged along a continuum of both increasing complexity of products/services and increased distance from the natural environment’. Explain. • Drawing examples from primary activities, discuss the determinants of spatial variations in human activities.

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