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Performance and simulation of the T1 detectors

Fabrizio Ferro presented test results, electronics details, and data analysis on the T1 detectors, emphasizing measurements, efficiency, and trigger performance. The study covered cluster reconstruction, gain measurement, working point determination, spatial resolution, trigger generation, and timing analysis for improved detector capabilities.

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Performance and simulation of the T1 detectors

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  1. Performance and simulation of the T1 detectors TOTEM plenary meeting CERN 15-16 February 2005 Fabrizio Ferro

  2. 2003 and 2004 test beams • The goals of two years of tests were • Measure CSC performances (gain, space resolution, time resolution) • Measure telescope performances (trigger, track reconstruction) • Test electronics and DAQ • Test hardware reliability Fabrizio Ferro

  3. CSC T1 60° • 2 planes of 192 cathode strips • 30 mm goldplated anode wires with 3mm pitch • Measurement 3 coordinates Fabrizio Ferro

  4. CSC test setup 2003 9x9cm scint 9x9cm scint 2004 4 trapezoidal prototypes for 2004 tests. Simulation of (almost) a T1 sextant. Fabrizio Ferro

  5. 2004 BEAM Fabrizio Ferro

  6. 2003 electronics and DAQ • Cathode readout with Gassiplex ( ~700ns peaking time). Signal multiplexed in a VME bus and converted by a 12 bit flash-ADC. • Anode readout with CMS AFEB (amplifier, shaper, discriminator with adjustable threshold). Time arrival measured with a multi-hit TDC. Read-out area Fabrizio Ferro

  7. 2003 online monitor • Data quality checked on line • Two different monitor windows for strips and wires • Automatic pedestal subtraction CSC cathodes monitor 3s Fabrizio Ferro

  8. 2004 electronics • Cathode electronics • 8 FrontEndCards + 1 R/O ControlUnit • FEC (TPC-ALICE) equipped with chip ALTRO • ALTRO: signal sampled at 20MHz with a 10 bit flash-ADC • Data acquisition with DATE • Anode electronics • 8 AFEBs and a (CMS) ALCT • ALCT allows threshold setup, fast trigger generation and data acquisition through CMS trigger mother board. Fabrizio Ferro

  9. Test results: CSC construction • Very good behavior of all prototypes: no gas leakage and HV working point reached. • Experience: time for construction as declared in TDR. Fabrizio Ferro

  10. DATA storage and format • Collected more than 1 million events stored in castor storage facility /castor/cern.ch/totem/rawdata/CSC2003 /castor/cern.ch/totem/rawdata/CSC2004 • Note: different data format due to different acquisition chain • Ex: 2004 – ALTRO data packing F-ADC data into 10 bit words packed in a 40 bit architecture… Fabrizio Ferro

  11. DATA analysis: cluster reconstruction • Cluster reconstruction implemented in the offline software • Position measured with charge sharing Two reco. clusters Charge measurement Gain Fabrizio Ferro

  12. Gain measurement (find and fatt: induction and attenuation factors a) • Gain measurement allows equalization among different CSC • Gain grows up exponentially with HV (a: electr. Calibration) a values of parameters from CMS Fabrizio Ferro

  13. Working point • Working point determination: high efficiency on both anodes and cathodes, high S/N ratio, reliability Anode efficiency Cathode efficiency plateau WP candidate Cathode efficiency Fabrizio Ferro

  14. Track reconstruction and spatial resolution • Software detector alignment • Track reconstruction fitting u and v coordinates with straight lines • Spatial resolution measured reconstructing tracks with 3/4 detectors u residuals su~sv = 0.44 mm sx = 0.36 mm sy = 0.62 mm Required precision in vertexing Fabrizio Ferro

  15. Trigger and timing • T1 trigger generated by combination of anode signals • Measurement of timing of anode signals (with TDC) • T1 bunch crossing identification compatible with 1 bunch over 3 (75 ns spacing), with a 3/4 planes pattern 2^ signal in coincidence Single wire time distribution Fabrizio Ferro

  16. Trigger tests • T1 self triggering successfully tested • Pattern: 3/4 aligned wires (testbeam CSCs not rotated wrt each other) • Data acquired both with external scintillator and with internal wire trigger • Time distribution of peaks of cathode signals show compatibility with previous timing measurements Time distribution of peaks Fabrizio Ferro

  17. Trigger simulation An update from T1 software trigger simulation • A root compatible code implemented with description of CSC segmentation (T1.so shared library loadable by root) • Very preliminary trigger pattern implemented (detailed studies in progress) • Looking for straight line roads • Starting from a hit wire in the (say) 1st plane, a hit wire in the 2nd is looked for in the hypothesis of a straight track coming from IP • A tolerance of n (±8 ?) wires needed because of rotation between adjacent planes • Adjacent sextants are considered as well, to guarantee telescope hermeticity PRELIMINARY Fabrizio Ferro

  18. Some results on T1 • Rates similar to those published in TDR T1 one arm efficiency PRELIMINARY (without adjacent sextants) Fabrizio Ferro

  19. p Beam gas background • Beam gas events generated in 11 different regions of the beampipe (±15, ±10, ±5, ±3, ±1, 0m from the IP). Percentage of BG events which pass T1 trigger selection PRELIMINARY • Rates similar to TDR • Poor pointing power of the preliminary trigger pattern used. • Beamgas rejection needs vertex (not at LVL1) and/or more pointing trigger • Deeper studies in progress  enhance pointing power saving efficiency Fabrizio Ferro

  20. Conclusions • T1 CSCs were extensively tested in the last 2 test beams • Measurements to characterize the detector performances, DAQ, electronics and trigger: we learnt a lot; detector behavior and timescale for construction as declared in the TDR • Self-triggerability of T1 successfully tested • Tests of the telescope with cosmic rays have been set up in Genoa • T1 simulation is working. Internal detector segmentation implemented outside CMS-ORCA • Trigger patterns implemented in the simulation. More extensive and detailed studies in progress. Fabrizio Ferro

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