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Indentation Modelling of YBCO based thin films Metallurgical & Material Engineering

Indentation Modelling of YBCO based thin films Metallurgical & Material Engineering. Osman ÇULHA 1 , Işıl BİRLİK 1 , Murat BEKTAŞ 1 , A. Halis GÜZELAYDIN 2 , Mustafa TOPARLI 1 and Erdal ÇELİK 1

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Indentation Modelling of YBCO based thin films Metallurgical & Material Engineering

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  1. Indentation Modelling of YBCO based thin filmsMetallurgical & Material Engineering Osman ÇULHA1, Işıl BİRLİK1, Murat BEKTAŞ1, A. Halis GÜZELAYDIN2, Mustafa TOPARLI1 and Erdal ÇELİK1 1 Dokuz Eylül University, Engineering Faculty, Dept. of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, 35160, Buca- İzmir 2Dokuz Eylul University, Center for Production and Application of Electronic Materials, Buca-İzmir 5th National Superconductivity Symposium, IYTE, IZMIR 05, July,2011

  2. OUTLOOK • Purpose of The Study • Theoretical Background • - Superconductivity and Thin Film Systems • - Mechanical Characterization and Modeling Study • Experimental and Theoretical Studies • - Production Technique • - Thin Film Characterization and Tc measurement • - Mechanical Properties and Modeling of Thin Film-Substrate System • Results and Discussions • Conclusions • References 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  3. Purpose of The Thesis Since mechanical coherence of superconducting thin film-substrate system and substrate effect on mechanical properties of thin film are of prominent importance on system stability in YBCO thin-film superconductors, nanoindentation and finite element modeling analysis were performed to determine Young’s modulus, hardness and failure stress of YBCO superconducting thin film system. In this study, finite element modeling (FEM) technique was employed to investigate the very complex stress-strain fields of pure YBCO based thin films subjected to nanoindentation. The indentation experiment with Berkovich indenter tip was simulated via ABAQUS finite element software package using an axis-symmetric model of which the conical indenter has the same projected contact area as the Berkovich indenter. 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  4. Purpose of The Thesis • At the end of experimental indentation and modelling analysis of YBCO based thin films, characteristic loading and unloading curves were obtained under a maximum of 300 µN applied load to extract indentation properties, such as, C constant, ratio of residual and maximum indentation depth and total work. • In addition to these, Young’s modulus, hardness and failure stress of YBCO based superconducting thin films were approximated by FEM and instrumented indentation. 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  5. Theoretical Background Critical Temperature, Tc Critical Magnetic Field, Hc Critical Current Density, Jc Temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity for normally conducting and superconducting materials in the vicinity of 0K. Critical temperature, current density and magnetic field boundary separating superconducting and normal conducting states. 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  6. Theoretical Background Comparison of the magnetic behavior of a superconductor to that of a perfect conductor 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  7. Theoretical Background • Meissner Effect Example of the Meissner Effect showing the levitation of a magnet above a high-Tc superconductor at liquid nitrojen temperature Comparison between the interaction of a magnet with a nondiamagnet material and a diamagnet superconductor 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  8. Theoretical Background 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  9. Theoretical Background 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  10. Theoretical Background 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  11. Theoretical Background 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  12. Theoretical Background Vickers hardness Rockwell hardness Brinell hardness 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  13. Theoretical Background Instrumented Indentation Procedure of Materials The indentation technique has been developed in the last two decades from a simple method (Oliver and Pharr, 1992) to the one with high-resolution testing equipment to observe the materials parameters, such as hardness, yield strength, strain hardening exponent and Young’s modulus at the micrometer and nanometer scale. The main objective of indentation tests is to extract these mechanical properties of the specimen from load displacement measurement. 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  14. Theoretical Background 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  15. Theoretical Background 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  16. Theoretical Background Pile-up Sink-in 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  17. Theoretical Background 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  18. Theoretical Background Indentation Analysis of Thin Films For coatings of a few hundred nano-meters thickness, it has been suggested that extrapolating the properties determined at a range of peak loads or indenter displacements to zero load/depth can be used to determine the coating only properties. Tringle Pyramid 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  19. Theoretical Background Modelling of Thin Films 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  20. Theoretical Background Modelling of Thin Films 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  21. Experimental and Theoretical Studies Solution and Material Chararcterization Production Procedure Substrate Preparation Optimization Procedure Thin film Characterization Thin Film Characterization Superconducting Properties Determination of Mechanical Properties Mechanical Properties

  22. Experimental and Theoretical Studies Thin Film Chararcterization • X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) • Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Superconducting Properties Determination of Mechanical Properties 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  23. Experimental and Theoretical Studies Thin Film Chararcterization • Tc measurement Superconducting Properties Determination of Mechanical Properties 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  24. Experimental and Theoretical Studies • Hardness, Elastic Modulus • and Yield (Failure) Strength estimation • By Indentation Study • Application of Finite Element Methods • for Indentation • Comparision of Experimental and • FEM results Thin Film Chararcterization Superconducting Properties Determination of Mechanical Properties 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  25. Sol- gel process • Metal organic deposition method (MOD) Experimental and Theoretical Studies • THIN FILM DEPOSITION • Pulsed laser deposition method (PLD) • Physical vapour deposition method (PVD) • Chemical vapour deposition method (CVD) • Chemical solution deposition method (CSD) 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  26. Experimental and Theoretical Studies Sol-gel Process • Advantages • Very pure complex oxide, carbides and nitrides ceramic materials can be produced, • Kinetics of various chemical reactions can be easily controlled by the low processing temperature, • Sintering temperature can be lowered, • Atomic mixture can be provided, • Applications are very huge. • Disadvantages • This method is cheap but precursor materials are very expensive. 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  27. Experimental and Theoretical Studies Steps of Sol-Gel Coating Process Deposition of solution By Dip Coating Powder-based chemicals dissolve in solvents to form a SOLUTION DRYING to burn-out carbon content Solution is polymerized to form a GEL FIRING to display organic components 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  28. Commercially available YBCO powder%99.9 Add propionic acid (5ml) Dissolve withTrifluoroacetic acid (12.5 ml) Ultrasonic mixer (25oC, 45 min.) Hot plate (60oC) Add acetone to fulfill 25 ml Hot plate (100oC) Add acetone Add propionic acid TFA and Mn alkoxide addition Experimental and Theoretical Studies 0,25 M YBCO-TFA solution 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  29. YBCO thin film deposition Experimental and Theoretical Studies Dip coating Spin coating 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  30. Experimental and Theoretical Studies Fig. 2 0,25 M YBCO-TFA solution Heat treatment regime Dip and Spin Coating Drying at 80 oC-406oC with %12 Humidified O2 Calcining at 406oC with %12 Humidified O2 for 0.4 hour Heated up 811oC with %12 Humidified O2 for 1 hour Fired film was heated 465oC with dry O2 for 2.2 hour 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  31. Experimental and Theoretical Studies 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  32. Results and Discussion 1. Thin Film Characterization 1.1 Phase analysis 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  33. Results and Discussion 1. Thin Film Characterization 1.2 Microstructure 1.2.1 SEM Analysis YBCO 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  34. Results and Discussion 1. Thin Film Characterization 1.2 Microstructure 1.2.2 AFM Analysis YBCO 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  35. Results and Discussion 2. Superconducting Properties 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  36. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.1 Characteristic Loading-Unloading Curves of YBCO Based Thin Films YBCO thin Film 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  37. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.1 Characteristic Loading-Unloading Curves of YBCO Based Thin Films 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  38. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.2 Finite Element Modelling of Indentation Analysis Part Design 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  39. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.2 Finite Element Modelling of Indentation Analysis According to the experimental indentation results of YBCO based thin films; scattered raw data of YBCO based films can be seen. Three different load-penetration depth curves were obtained for three different indented regions of film’s surfaces. Same maximum penetration depth was obtained by setting E: 88.54 GPa and yield stress: 8.00 GPa (which changed from 7.50 GPa to 9.50 GPa) for experimental and simulation analysis. Property input 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  40. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.2 Finite Element Modelling of Indentation Analysis Assembly module 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  41. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.2 Finite Element Modelling of Indentation Analysis Interaction and Step module 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  42. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.2 Finite Element Modelling of Indentation Analysis Load and Boundry module 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  43. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.2 Finite Element Modelling of Indentation Analysis CAX4R element type, A-4 node bilinear axisymmetric quadrilateral, reduced integration and hourglass control with 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 40 numberfor determination of indentation depth and load dependency to the mesh element number. Mesh effect 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  44. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.3 Finite Element Modelling of Indentation Analysis YBCO Mesh effect on maximum and residual depth 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  45. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.3 Finite Element Modelling of Indentation Analysis 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  46. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.3 Finite Element Modelling of Indentation Analysis 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir (e) (f)

  47. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.3 Finite Element Modelling of Indentation Analysis (a) (b) 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir YBCO Thin Film

  48. Results and Discussion 3. Mechanical Properties 3.3 Finite Element Modelling of Indentation Analysis 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir YBCO Thin Film

  49. Conclusion 1- XRD patterns show that YBCO films have (001) and parallel plane reflections for pure YBCO. 2- It can be seen from the Tcanalysis that there is sharp decrease in resistivity near 90 K. 3-The calculated Young’s modulus of YBCO based thin films was 88.54 GPa . In addition indentation hardness values of films were decreased from 12.51 Gpa. 4-Finite element analysis resulted that yield or failure stress of YBCO based thin films were found to be 8.00 GPaby comparison of experimental and numerical load-penetration depth analysis under 300 µN applied load. 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

  50. Acknowledgement We wish to extend my sincere thanks to Prof. Dr. Hüseyin ÇİMENOĞLU for helping us in starting the nanoindentation experiments at Istanbul Technical University and sharing their knowledge of this field. In addition, we are grateful for TUBITAK and Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung (IFW), Solid-State and Materials Research, Dresden-Germany about supporting our research project (109M054) titled as “Improvement of flux pinning properties of YBCO films with BaMeO3 perovskite nanoparticles on SrTiO3 substrate from solutions of cheap and commercially available YBCO powders by using TFA-MOD technique”. 5th National Superconductivity Symposium-İzmir

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