IP-enabled WSN

1. Presented by: Chaitanya K. SambharaPaper by: Karl Mayer and Wolfgang Fritsche IABG mbH Germany - Instructor : Dr Yingshu Li IP-enabled WSN

2. Why this topic ? • Sensor networks are becoming more and important in various application areas. • These networks will require the internet connection. • One of the major applications could be disaster management.

3. introduction

4. Introduction With growing wireless technology sensors are allowed to be mobile and move around a sensor network. In IEEE 802.15 working group wireless technologies for WPAN’s are under development and standardization.

5. Core Difference • IP for a general network is not designed with constraints in mind. • Sensor networks face a lot more requirements and constraints on communication protocols.

6. Why this idea came? • Integrating WSNs with wired or wireless IP-based infrastructures could play a revolutionary role. • Internet is obviously the biggest known network.

7. Aim • In order to realize IP-enabled sensor networks we need to know – • How to adapt IP networking to the constraints of WSNs. • How to integrate IP-enabled sensor networks into the internet.

8. Scope for this Traditionally sensor networks are not IP-enabled. Hence we require proxies.

9. Problems with this approach • Network address needs to be translated. • We will need to develop new control and communication protocols that would be already standardized for IP communication

10. What we need • Sensor networks with IP support which can integrate with WAN’s since they could be considered just another part of the internet • Applications that require direct communication between nodes in the internet. • No special proxies should be needed to be installed.

11. Another Approach • Gateways can be deployed that interconnect WAN infrastructures and wireless sensor nodes.

12. Applications of this technology • The need for early detection to limit the disaster impact. • The need for becoming aware of the extend of the disaster • Establishment of a communication infrastructure • Detection of injured people that require medical care • Detection of dangerous goods (e.g. toxin or explosive • material) that need special treatment.

13. Applications of this technology • Temperature sensors could be used to determine the movement of fires and microphones and cameras could be used to detect injured and non-injured people that need evacuation. • The attributes are independent of each other because disasters are often accompanied by a non-existing or a destroyed infrastructure.

14. Required Functionalities • Specification of IP over sensor network technologies • Ad hoc networking • Auto configuration

15. Auto Configuration • To become ready for communication at network layer, sensor network nodes need to be configured with several parameters, e.g. IP addresses. • This can be realized manually or through Auto configuration

16. Advantages of Auto Configuration • Sensor networks may consist of hundreds of nodes, making manual configuration impossible • Enables IP nodes to become communication ready without user involvement.

17. Basic requirements of auto configurations • Sensor networks are envisaged to be set up in an ad hoc fashion. • Nodes may be mobile as well • Flexibility of ad hoc sensor networks need to be taken in to account.

18. Basic requirements of auto configurations • Scope of auto-configuration • Address auto-configuration • Gateway discovery • Service Discovery

19. Mobility Management • The point of attachment of the sensor network to the Internet could be fix or dynamic. • The roaming of moving networks between different geographic locations is often handled by the subnet technology in use

20. Mobility Management • For scalability reasons, IP addressing in the Internet is location dependent and IP prefixes and addresses are assigned in a hierarchical way. • Routers in the Internet learn from IP destination addresses where to route a packet to

21. Network Mobility

22. Security • Security is a major concern in every part of the Internet, covering e.g. authentication, authorization, and access control, integrity protection, encryption, intrusion detection, denial of service prevention. • New lightweight security mechanisms appropriate for sensor networks have to be used.

23. REALIZATION OF AN IPV6-ENABLED SENSOR NETWORK CONNECTED TO THE INTERNET • In the disaster management scenario sensor nodes are deployed on demand in an ad hoc fashion, measuring temperature or detecting vital signs, and communicate with a central disaster management centre somewhere in the Internet. • The sensor network is connected via a gateway to the WAN infrastructure.

24. Proposed Architecture • Protocol stack of an IPv6-enabled sensor node.

25. Proposed Architecture • Gateway router

26. Proposed Architecture • Network Architecture

27. Conclusion • Benefit of IP-enabled sensor networks connected to the Internet in the scenario of disaster management • We discussed required functions in such system like IP support over the respective sensor link technology, ad hoc networking, auto-configuration, mobility management and security.

28. Conclusion • For most required functions so far just first ideas exist and further research and development effort is required until standardization.

29. Reference • IP-enabled Wireless Sensor Networks and their integration into the Internet By : Karl Mayer and Wolfgang Fritsche, IABG mbH, Germany

30. Suggestions/ Question time