UHF in Books 图书 UHF RFID 应用 Libraries, Supply Chain & Retail 图书馆、供应链与零售

1. UHF in Books图书UHF RFID应用 Libraries, Supply Chain & Retail图书馆、供应链与零售 RFID Colloquium – Hangzhou, ChinaRFID研讨会–中国杭州 June 15th 20112011年6月15日

2. Understanding RFID technology – frequencies 了解RFID技术 – 频率 • UHF RFID in supply chains UHF RFID在供应链的应用 • UHF RFID in the retail sector 零售 • UHF RFID in libraries 图书馆 • UHF RFID & ISO 28560 • Futures & conclusion 未来展望与总结 Session outline 大纲

3. Longer wavelengths 更长的波长 AM Radio调幅广播 FM Radi 调频广播 Mobile phone移动电话 Microwave oven 微波炉 Continuous spectrum 连续谱 Higher energy 更高的能量 Electromagnetic spectrum 电磁频谱 Higher Frequency (GHz) 较高的频率 Lower Frequency (KHz)较低的频率

4. Longer wavelengths 更长的波长 Animal ID 动物识别 Library 图书馆 Logistics 物流 Vehicle tolls 车辆收费 Continuous spectrum 连续谱 Higher energy 更高的能量 Electromagnetic spectrum 电磁频谱 Higher Frequency (GHz) 较高的频率 Lower Frequency (KHz)较低的频率

5. Longer wavelengths 更长的波长 AM Radio调幅广播 FM Radi 调频广播 Mobile phone移动电话 Microwave oven 微波炉 Continuous spectrum 连续谱 Higher energy 更高的能量 Electromagnetic spectrum 电磁频谱 HF RFID UHF RFID Higher Frequency (GHz) 较高的频率 Lower Frequency (KHz)较低的频率

6. HF tags 高频标签 UHF tags 超高频标签

7. RFID used for inventory control RFID用于仓库盘点

8. Ultra High Frequency RFID tags for warehouse & logistics management 超高频RFID标签用于仓储与物流管理

9. UHF tagged cartons UHF贴标货箱

10. RFID portal RFID门式读写器

11. DHL distribution centre运敦豪物流中心

12. CentraalBoekhuis / BGN • Partnership between multiple companies 公司合作 • Centraal Boekhuis • Boekhandels Groep Nederland (BGN) • Logopak International Ltd • Progress Software Corporation (Apama) • CaptureTech Corporation BV

13. CentraalBoekhuis / BGN • Used by 500+ publishers & 1500+ booksellers 服务500多家出版商以及1500多家书商 • Stocktake, Storage, Transport, Distribution 盘点、存储、运输、配送 • Administrative & Financial services 管理与金融服务 • 60,000,000 copies delivered per year 每年交运6千万以上的书籍 CentraalBoekhuis • Leading logistics provider 主要物流服务提供商 • 135 years in business - 700+ employees 从业135年，700多位员工 • Linking publishers & booksellers 出版商与书商的联系纽带

14. CentraalBoekhuis / BGN • Stores carry up to 275,000 books 书店销售图书达275,000册 • 15,000 to 40,000 books sold per day 每天书籍销售数量为15,000至40,000册 • Books supplied by Centraal Boekhuis 图书由Centraal Boekhuis 供应 • Has launched new RFID equipped SmartStores 设立配备RFID设施的智能书店 BoekGroep Nederland (BGN) • The Netherland’s leading book retailer 荷兰主要的图书零售商 • 42 book stores & 730 employees 42家书店与730位员工 • 11,000,000 visits to stores per year 每年书店顾客1,100万

15. CentraalBoekhuis / BGN Books are automatically fitted with printed RFID tagsRFID标签自动安装到图书上

16. CentraalBoekhuis / BGN Books are packed for delivery at Centraal Boekhuis - all books taggedRFID贴标后的图书包装后待发运 Entire cartons of books are read in the RFID tunnel readerRFID通道读写器识读整包图书 Photo credits - Reed Business Information

17. CentraalBoekhuis / BGN Books are received at the store - whole carton read图书到达店面，整包识别 Physical inventory check while store is open商店营业时，人工盘点 Photo credits - Reed Business Information

18. Photo credit - Driek Selexyz Maastricht bookstore – NetherlandsSelexyzMaastricht书店- 荷兰

19. Photo credit - Smyrgu Selexyz Maastricht bookstore – NetherlandsSelexyzMaastricht书店- 荷兰

20. Photo credit - Driek Selexyz Maastricht bookstore – NetherlandsSelexyzMaastricht书店- 荷兰

21. Selexyz Maastricht bookstore – Netherlands SelexyzMaastricht书店荷兰 Photo credit - Wisze

22. Photo credit - actualitte.com Byblos Amoreiras bookstore

23. What does the book trade want from RFID? 图书行业如何受益于RFID？ Supply chain benefits 供应链受益 • Greater visibility into supply chain movements 提高供应链过程的可视性 • More accurate picking & dispatch 更准确的拣选与发送 • Improvements to in-transit stock security 提高在途货品安全 • Improved accuracy at receiving 提高收货准确率 • Improvements to data transfer & sharing 改进数据传输与共享 • Cost reduction through reduced misshipments 减少运送错误，降低成本

24. What does the book trade want from RFID? 图书行业如何受益于RFID？ • IDTechEx - cost of out-of-stock = US$120 billion /y 据IDTechEx ，缺货成本每年高达1200亿美元 • Reducing out-of-stocks may increase revenue 12% 降低缺货，收入可增加12% • RFID allows rapid item level inventory 利用RFID技术，可快速进行物品盘点 • BGN inventory time per carton of books - 4 minutes before, only seconds after RFID installed 使用RFID技术之前，BGN对每箱书籍的盘点时间为4分钟，之后为数秒。 Inventory control benefits 库存控制 • Retail products out of stock 7% to 20% of the time 7%-20%的时间内，存在零售货品缺货状况 • 75% of these situations - stock is held in storeroom 上述状况中75%情况：货架上缺货的物品，存放在存储室中

25. What does the book trade want from RFID? 图书行业如何受益于RFID？ Improved control of material 改进物料控制 • ISBN is non serialised - could use EPC ISBN不是序列化编号，可使用EPC编码 • Need more visibility into returned books 对于退还书籍需要更多的可视性 • Ability to track breach of release date incidents 可跟踪发行日期违约事件 • Better forensic tracking of illegal sale transactions 提供跟踪非法销售交易的更好的法律证据

26. What does the book trade want from RFID? 图书行业如何受益于RFID？ Point of sale Benefits 销售终端 • Faster more accurate processes - multiple items 更快的处理流程，多个物品同时识别 • Inbuilt theft control using RFID tag 使用RFID标签嵌入式防盗功能 • Faster and easier stock take for sale items 对销售物品进行盘点，更快、更简易 • Potential for tracking books inside the bookstore 可在店内跟踪书籍 • Platform for new customer service initiatives 为新型客户服务举措提供平台 • Faster stock take & processing mean fewer staff 更快盘点与处理，减少员工人数

27. ISBN integration into EPC ISBN融合EPC编码 • Partnership between ISBN & GS1 ISBN&GS1之间合作 • Book trade requires individual item identification 图书行业要求对图书单品进行识别 • Prefer to use ISBN & a serial number 优先使用ISBN与一个序列号 • ISBN can be encoded into EPC-SGTIN-96 (96 bit Serialised Global Trade Item Number) ISBN可编码到EPC-SGTIN-96之中（96位序列化全球贸易物品编码）

28. ISBN integration into EPC ISBN融合EPC编码 SGTIN-96 for serialized item identification序列化物品识别的SGTIN-96

29. Wiley of RFID encoded SGTIN-96 Wiley试点采用RFID编码 的SGTIN-96 • Attempt to make improvements in three areas:在以下方面进行改进 • Managing returned (unsold) books 管理退还（未销售）的图书 • Reducing book piracy 减少图书盗版现象 • Better manage complimentary copies of textbooks 更好地管理教科书赠阅 • 500,000 textbooks tagged for the trial 在此次试点中，500,000 本图书进行贴标

30. Libraries & book trade – differences 图书馆与图书行业之间存在的差异 Libraries 图书馆 HF Book trade 图书行业 One use items 一次性使用的物品 Single players 单一参与者 Main benefit productivity 主要受益 生产力 UHF Profit focus 以盈利为重 Simple supply chains 供应链简单 Service focus 以服务为重 Many players 多位参与者 Complex supply Chains 供应链复杂 Circulating items 流通物品 Main benefit Supply chain 主要受益 供应链 At the moment the overlap of requirements is small目前，需求重叠少。

31. Civica UHF RFID system – Blacktown library NSWCivia 超高频RFID系统

32. Civica UHF RFID system – Blacktown library NSWCivia 超高频RFID系统

33. UHF vs HF RFID systems for libraries UHF与HF RFID图书馆系统优劣对比 UHF may have advantages for libraries UHD系统的优点 • Greater immunity to tag masking with stacked items 可识读被堆积物品掩盖的标签 • Compatibility with supply chain initiatives 支持供应链举措 • Faster read rates 更快识读率 • Greater reading distance 识读距离远 • Maybe cheaper tags & readers 标签与读写器成本低

34. UHF vs HF RFID systems for libraries UHF与HF RFID图书馆系统优劣对比 • UHF RFID as we know it today is relatively new 超高频技术是比较新的技术 • Did not exist in mid 1990’s when developers began上个世纪90年中期尚未面世，开始研究阶段 • Is relatively new in the library application 在图书馆应用领域是比较新的技术 Is HF the wrong technology for libraries? 高频技术是图书馆的错误选择？

35. UHF vs HF RFID systems for libraries UHF与HF RFID图书馆系统优劣对比 • Limited number of suppliers 供应商数量有限 • HF products are more mature & capable 高频产品更成熟、更可胜用 • HF can deliver proven benefits to libraries 高频技术已让图书馆受益 • Debate about which technology for the future 关于未来使用哪一种技术的争论 Is HF the wrong technology for libraries? 高频技术是图书馆的错误选择？

36. UHF vs HF RFID systems for libraries UHF与HF RFID图书馆系统优劣对比 • More info is needed regarding UHF in libraries 对于UHF在图书馆领域的应用，需要更多的信息 • Not much UHF use in “office” environments yet 在办公环境使用RFID应用不多 • Our application puts people & RFID together closely 我们的应用让人们与RFID密切地接触 Are there reasons for not choosing UHF? 有不选择超高频技术的理由吗？

37. UHF vs HF RFID systems for libraries UHF与HF RFID图书馆系统优劣对比 • Need to understand the OH&S implications 需要了解职业健康安全的影响 • Need to develop installation guidelines for control 需要建立安装指南，以进行管理 • Need to quantify the tag life in our application 需要量化标签在我们应用中的使用年限 • ISO 28560 data model standard excludes UHF ISO 28560 数据模型标准不包含UHF Are there reasons for not choosing UHF? 有不选择超高频技术的理由吗？

38. UHF - General Statements 总结 UHF has greater read range UHF读取距离远 • Up to five metres at 4 watts of output power 达5米，4瓦功率 • Wider security gates 更宽的安全门禁 • Long range hand held devices 长距离手持设备 • New applications 新型应用 • Fields can be hard to control “磁场”难以控制 • Long range is not always an advantage 长距离识读并不总是优势

39. UHF - 1 Watt & 4 Watt coverage patterns UHF - 1瓦与4瓦的辐射模式

40. UHF - General Statements 总结 • Water absorbs & metals reflect RFID fields 水吸收射频能量与金属反射RFID场 • Metal library shelves - collection management 图书馆金属书架 – 馆藏管理 • Human bodies mostly liquid – security 人体的大部分是液体 – 安全 • Pages of library books with moisture content 图书馆书籍页面受潮 • HF affected by water & metals too 高频系统性能也受水与金属影响 • More research needed for comparative evaluation 需要进行更多的对比性评估研究 • UHF - increased absorption by water • UHF - 水吸收射频能量

41. UHF - General Statements 总结 • UHF - increased absorption by waterUHF - 水吸收射频能量 标签信号响应性能见佳 标签信号响应性能不佳 测试的箱体面

42. UHF - General Statements 总结 • Data comms can be faster with UHF 数据通讯速率更快 • Could be useful in smart chute application适用于智能滑道应用 • Could be useful for collection management 适用于馆藏管理 • Could be useful in security application支持安全应用 • Could be useful in materials handling application 适用于物品处理应用 • UHF has faster read speed • 超高频识读速度更快

43. UHF - General Statements 总结 • Tags interfere with each other less than in HF UHF标签的信号互相干扰情况较HF的少 • Could be better in security application 在安全应用领域性能较佳 • Could be be better in stacked-book scenarios 在识别堆积的图书的应用场景中性能较佳 • Could be useful in security application 适用于安全应用 • Could be useful in materials handling application 适用于物品处理应用 UHF has better immunity to tag masking UHF 可更好解决标签掩蔽现象

44. UHF – Issues for discussion 供讨论的问题 UHF and standards initiatives 超高频与标准倡议 • Does a move to UHF abandon standards? 选择UHF，需要放弃标准吗？ • EPC and ISO (18000-6C) standards in place EPC与ISO (18000-6C)标准已经制定 • Most data models assume min. 256 bits memory 大多数的数据模型的最小存储容量为256位 • Most UHF tags have 96 bits user memory 大多数的超高频标签的用户数据存储容量为96位 • 256 bit UHF tags and larger are available 现有256位的超高频标签或更大存储容量的标签

45. UHF – Issues for discussion 供讨论的问题 UHF & Tag Durability 超高频与标签的使用 • UHF tags not designed for library use 超高频标签并不是针对图书馆应用而设计的 • Supply chain use - many reads but one cycle 在供应链中使用，多次读写，但只使用一个周期 • Library tags must have 5+ year life - many cycles 图书标签必须可使用5年以上，多个使用周期 • UHF tagging pallets & cartons etc - rigid objects超高频贴标的托盘、货箱等表面坚硬物品 • Library tagging books - flexible covers etc 图书馆的贴标图书–软封面 • More research needed for comparative evaluation 需要更多的对比性评估研究

46. Conclusion & future It’s about the RFID systems of tomorrow 关于未来的RFID系统 • There are many issues to be explored for libraries在图书馆RFID应用领域，许多问题有待探讨 • There is uncertainty in the commercial world 商业界存在不确定性 • Fewer UHF library products available 市面上，适用的图书馆超高频产品较少 • Benefits can be obtained with HF & UHF 可受益于HF，也可受益于UHF • All technology will be better / cheaper / faster / more standardised if we wait…所有的技术将更好，更便宜，更快，更加标准化，假如我们等待…

47. UHF in Books图书UHF RFID应用 Libraries, Supply Chain & Retail图书馆、供应链与零售 RFID Colloquium – Hangzhou, ChinaRFID研讨会–中国杭州 June 15th 20112011年6月15日