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Commercial Policy. Commercial policy refers to any governmental measure that discriminates against foreign suppliers. Arguments for Commercial Policy. To Protect Domestic Industries; To Save Jobs; National Security and Defense; To Protect an Infant Industry; To Raise Revenue for Government;
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Commercial Policy Commercial policy refers to any governmental measure that discriminates against foreign suppliers
Arguments for Commercial Policy • To Protect Domestic Industries; • To Save Jobs; • National Security and Defense; • To Protect an Infant Industry; • To Raise Revenue for Government; • Balance of Payments; • Second-Best Arguments; and • Others
Tools of Commercial Policy • Tariffs; and • Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs) • Import Quotas; • Voluntary Export Restraints (VERs); • Export Subsidies; • Intellectual Property Rights; • Health and Safety Standards; and • Others
Tariffs A Tariff is a tax levied on imports. Tariffs can be Ad Valorem or Specific. • The Ad Valorem tariff is expressed as a fixed percentage of the value of the traded commodity. • The Specific tariff is expressed as a fixed sum per physical unit of the traded good.