Writing the Thesis Statement

1. Writing the Thesis Statement By Worth Weller (with a little help from the Purdue and Dartmouth OWL)

2. What is it? • for most student work, it's a one- or two- sentence statement that explicitly outlines the purpose or point of your paper. • It is generally a complex, compound sentence

3. What does it do? • it should point toward the development or course of argument the reader can expect your argument to take

4. Where does it go? • because the rest of the paper will support or back up your thesis, a thesis is normally placed at or near the end of the introductory paragraph.

5. What does it contain? • The thesis sentence must contain an arguable point. • A thesis sentence must not simply make an observation -- for example, "Writer X seems in his novel Y to be obsessed with lipstick." • Rather, it must assert a point that is arguable: • “Writer X uses lipstick to point to his novel's larger theme: the masking and unmasking of the self."

6. What it determines • The thesis sentence must control the entire argument. • Your thesis sentence determines what you are required to say in a paper. • It also determines what you cannot say. • Every paragraph in your paper exists in order to support your thesis. • Accordingly, if one of your paragraphs seems irrelevant to your thesis you have two choices: get rid of the paragraph, or rewrite your thesis.

7. Is it fixed in concrete? • Imagine that as you are writing your paper you stumble across the new idea that lipstick is used in Writer X's novel not only to mask the self, but also to signal when the self is in crisis. • This observation is a good one; do you really want to throw it away? Or do you want to rewrite your thesis so that it accommodates this new idea?

8. A contract • Understand that you don't have a third option: you can't simply stick the idea in without preparing the reader for it in your thesis. • The thesis is like a contract between you and your reader. • If you introduce ideas that the reader isn't prepared for, you've violated that contract.

9. It provides structure for your paper • The thesis sentence should provide a structure for your argument. • A good thesis not only signals to the reader what your argument is, but how your argument will be presented. • In other words, your thesis sentence should either directly or indirectly suggest the structure of your argument to your reader. • Say, for example, that you are going to argue that "Writer X explores the masking and unmasking of the self in three curious ways: A, B, and C.” • In this case, the reader understands that you are going to have three important points to cover, and that these points will appear in a certain order.

10. An Equation • thesis statements are basically made up of your topic and a specific assertion about that topic, therefore, • THESIS = TOPIC + SPECIFIC ASSERTION

11. Summary The four “shoulds” of a thesis statement:

12. a good thesis statement should take a stand - don't be afraid to have an opinion; if after your research, your opinion changes, all the better - means you have been thinking; you can write a new thesis statement!

13. a good thesis statement should justify discussion - don't leave your readers saying to themselves "So what" or "duh?" or "like what's your point?"

14. a good thesis statement should express one main idea or a clear relationship between two specific ideas linked by words like "because," "since," "so," "although," "unless," or "however."

15. Example • Poor: Stephen King writes readable books. • Good: Stephen King’s books are so good because they are about normal people who get into supernatural situations.

16. A good thesis statement should be restricted to a specific and manageable topic - readers are more likely to reward a paper that does a small task well than a paper that takes on an unrealistic task and fails

17. Write a thesis answering this question. • Analyze the benefits of graduating from high school.

18. Try this one! • Analyze the origins and development of slavery in Britain’s North American colonies in the period 1607 to 1776.

19. Mr. Smalley’s Thesis • With the arrival of the first English colonists it became clear that a cheap, plentiful, and constant labor source would be needed for the diverse climates of the agrarian South.

20. Try this one! • To what extent did political parties contribute to the development of national unity in the United States between 1790 and 1840?

21. Mr. Smalley’s Thesis • Early political parties in the United States generated animosity and tension that would eventually lead to the Civil War.

22. Try this one! • Analyze the political, diplomatic, and military reasons for the United States victory in the Revolutionary War. Confine your answer to the period 1775-1783.

23. Mr. Smalley’s Thesis • The United States was able to win the Revolutionary War through political organization, carefully crafted diplomacy with France, and the successful training of local militias.

24. Try this one! • Analyze the ways in which controversy over the extension of slavery into Western territories contributed to the coming of the Civil War. Confine your answer to the period of 1845-1861.

25. Mr. Smalley’s Thesis • Due the rising sectional tensions generated by the Wilmost Proviso, the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas Nebraska Act, a Civil War was inevitable.

26. Write an opening paragraph and an outline for the following prompt • Many have called the period of 1865 to 1901 the “Gilded Age”, because it was “shiny and pretty” on the outside but it was “rough and ugly” underneath. To what extent do you agree with this statement?