1 / 14

GENETICS

GENETICS. What is heredity ?. The passing on of characteristics (traits) from parents to offspring Genetics is the study of heredity. Gregor Mendel : ‘Father of Genetics ’. Most famous for his work on pea plants

thom
Download Presentation

GENETICS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. GENETICS

  2. What is heredity? • The passing on of characteristics (traits) from parents to offspring • Genetics is the study of heredity

  3. Gregor Mendel: ‘Father of Genetics’ • Most famous for his work on pea plants • He discovered different laws and rules that explain factors affecting heredity. 1. Law of Segregation 2. Law of Independent Assortment

  4. Mendel Discovered.. • Each organism has two alleles for each trait • Alleles - different forms of the same gene (AA, aa, Aa) • Genes - located on chromosomes, they control how an organism develops (Brown or blonde hair)

  5. Law of Segregation • The two alleles for a trait must separate when gametes are formed • A parent randomly passesonly oneallele for each trait to each offspring(ex/ hair and eye color)

  6. Law of Independent Assortment • The genes for different traits are inherited independently

  7. Rule of Dominance • The trait that is observed in the offspring is the dominant trait (uppercase: AA) • The trait that disappearsin the offspring is the recessive trait(aa: lowercase)

  8. Phenotype & Genotype • Phenotype - the way an organism looks • red hair or brownhair • Genotype- the gene combination of an organism • AA or Aaoraa

  9. Heterozygous & Homozygous • Heterozygous - if the two alleles for a trait are different(Aa) • Homozygous - if the two alleles for a trait are the same (AA or aa)

  10. Dihybridvs Monohybrid • Dihybrid Cross - crossing parents who differ in two traits(AAEE with aaee) **Monohybrid Cross - Crossing parents who differ in only one trait (AA with aa)

  11. Questions... • How many alleles are there for each trait? • What is an allele? • How many alleles does a parent pass on to each offspring for each trait

  12. Questions... • What do we call the trait that is observed? • What case(upper or lower) is it written in? • What about the one that disappears? • What case is it written in?

  13. Questions... • What is the phenotype? • What is the genotype? • What is homozygous? • What is heterozygous? • What is monohybrid crossing?

  14. PunnetSquares

More Related