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Phylum Cnidaria ( ny DEHR ee a)

Phylum Cnidaria ( ny DEHR ee a). The Highlights of Jellyfish and Hydra life. Examples of Cnidarian. Jellyfish Hydra Coral Sea Anemone. Invertebrates Stinging Cells Have a central body cavity Radial symmetry – more than one line of symmetry & parts arranged in a circle.

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Phylum Cnidaria ( ny DEHR ee a)

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  1. Phylum Cnidaria (ny DEHR ee a) The Highlights of Jellyfish and Hydra life

  2. Examples of Cnidarian • Jellyfish • Hydra • Coral • Sea Anemone

  3. Invertebrates Stinging Cells Have a central body cavity Radial symmetry – more than one line of symmetry & parts arranged in a circle Cnidarians (ny DEHR eeunz) and Characteristics

  4. BODY STUCTURE: • Polyp: vase-shaped body plan (like a sea anemone, coral or hydra) • Medusa: Bowl-shaped body plan (like a jellyfish)

  5. Polyp • Mouth opens at the top of its body • Tentacles surround the mouth • Attach themselves to an underwater surface

  6. More on Medusa • Adapted to a life of swimming • Mouths open downward (at the bottom) and is surrounded by tentacles that dangle

  7. Life Cycle • Some Cnidarians have both body plans in their life cycle… • Sexual • Asexual (budding)

  8. Obtaining FOOD!!! • Same way for polyps and medusa • Use their stinging cells to catch prey • Some have sharp spines with venom • Venom paralyzes them – pull prey into their mouths with tentacles • Prey goes into hollow central body cavity to be digested • Waste goes out of mouth.

  9. Movement • Many Cnidarians can move to escape • Jellyfish swim • Hydra turn slow somersaults • Sea Anemones bend from side to side, stretch out, shrink down or move slowly • Nerve net – nerve cells arranged like a basketball net – help with this movement

  10. Life in a Colony • Some species of Cnidarians spend life in a colony – a group of many individual animals • Examples: Coral and Portuguese man-of-war

  11. Coral Reefs • Found in warm shallow water • Built by cnidarians • A coral polyp attaches to a solid surface (broken shell, sunken ship, rock or reef ball) • Polyp produces a hard, stony skeleton around its soft body • Home to more species of fishes and invertebrates than any other environment on Earth

  12. Coral Reefs in Danger • More than 1.5 million recreational divers • Divers can cause damage by standing on or even touching fragile reefs • Collecting coral for jewelry or decoration (now illegal)…should they ban diving all together? • Oil spills, tropical storms, changes in sea level and temperature, and illegal fishing can also harm reefs

  13. Portuguese Man-of-War • Contains as many as 1,000 individuals that function together as one unit • Top of medusa is a gas-filled chamber that allows the colony to float • Various polyps with different functions drift below by the tentacles • Some polyps catch prey and others digest the prey…some are adapted for reproduction

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