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V I T IL IG O

V I T IL IG O. April 26th, 1999 Chemistry 412 Rick Helgemo. What is vitiligo?. Autoimmune disorder Genetic link Affects 1-2% of population Difficult to cure Harmful effects. “ Untreated” Vitiligo. Autoimmune disorder.

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V I T IL IG O

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  1. VITILIGO April 26th, 1999 Chemistry 412 Rick Helgemo

  2. What is vitiligo? • Autoimmune disorder • Genetic link • Affects 1-2% of population • Difficult to cure • Harmful effects

  3. “Untreated” Vitiligo

  4. Autoimmune disorder • Melanocytes destroyed *Melanocyte-specific differentiation antigens *Tyrosinase, Dopachrome isomerase (TRP-2), gp100, MART-1 • Immunoglobulin G recognizes TRP-2, causing immune response • Possible link to curing melanoma?

  5. Genetic Links • Two types-Segmental and nonsegmental • Polygenic nature, multifactorial inheritance • Autosomal and not linked to race or sex • Linked to other autoimmune diseases • Weakly heritable

  6. Curing Vitiligo Effects • Long and difficult process, rarely 100% effective on individual • Always involves sunlight or ultraviolet light • Physical and chemical methods • Cosmetics • Depigmentation • Psychological counseling

  7. Chemical Treatment Options for Vitiligo • Corticoids • Psoralens (PUVA) • Phenylalanine • P-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) • Cantharidin, a blister beetle secretion

  8. Physical Treatment Options for Vitiligo • Tattooing (micropigmentation) • Autologous skin grafts • Skin grafting using blisters • Autologous melanocyte transplantation • Combination of Sun and Sunscreen

  9. References: • “Anti-tyrosinase-related protein-2 immune response in vitiligo patients…;” Okamoto T, Irie RF, Fujii S, etal.; The Journal of Investigative Dermatology; Dec 1998; 111:1034-1039. • “Autoantibodies to Tyrosinase-related protein-1 detected in the sera… ;” Kemp EH, Waterman EA, Gawkrodger DJ, et al.; British Journal of Dermatology 1998; 139:798-805. • “A systematic review of autologous transplantation methods in vitiligo;” Njoo MD,Westerhof W, Bos JD, Bossuyt PMM; Archives of Dermatology, Dec 1998 134:1543-1549. • “The genetics of vitiligo in Korean patients;” Kim SM, Chung HS, Hann SK; International Journal of Dermatology 1998; 38:908-910. • “On the association between vitiligo and malignant melanoma;” Lindelof B, Hedblad MA, Sigurgeirsson B; Acta Dermatologica Venereologica; 1998 78:483-484. • “Tyrosinase as an autoantigen in patients with vitiligo;” Baharav E, Merimsky O, Shoenfeld Y, et al.; Clinical Experimental Immunology; 1996 105:84-88. • “Nonsurgical repigmentation therapies in vitiligo;” Njoo MD,Westerhof W, Bos JD, Bossuyt PMM; Archives of Dermatology; Dec 1998 134:1532-1540. • “Spontaneous repigmentation of vitiligo patches distant from the autologous skin…;” Malakar S, Dhar S; Dermatology; 1998 197:274.

  10. More References • “Treatment of vitiligo with oral and topical phenylalanine: 6 years of experience;” Camacho F, Mazuecos J; Archives of Dermatology; Feb 1999 135:216-217. • “UV-dependent melanocyte plasticity-The structure-function relationship;” Iyengar B; Indian Journal of Pathological Microbiology; 1996 39(2):105-109. • “Topical application of a melanotropin analogue to vulgar vitiligo dermo-epidermal minigrafts;” Schwartzmann-Solon AM, Visconti MA, Castrucci AML; Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research; 1998 31:1557-1564. • “Repigmentation of vitiligo lesion after beetle dermatitis;” Parsad D, Saini R, Nagpal R; Dermatology; 1998 197:398.

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