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What are Kinetic and Potential Energy?

Explore the fundamentals of potential and kinetic energy, their definitions, examples, and how energy is stored and transformed. Learn about gravitational, elastic, chemical potential energy, and the relationship between potential and kinetic energy.

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What are Kinetic and Potential Energy?

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  1. What are Kinetic and Potential Energy?

  2. What is ENERGY? • Energy is the ability to do work. • Everything that happens in the world uses energy! • Most of the time we can’t see energy, but it is everywhere around us!

  3. Energy… • is NEVER created or destroyed! • can only be STORED or TRANSFORMED.

  4. This car uses a lot of energy Batteries store energy! We get our energy from FOOD! Even this sleeping puppy is using stored energy.

  5. Remember: ALL matter is made up of particles. The particles NEVER stop moving.

  6. How is all energy divided?( Draw the diagram) All Energy Potential Energy Kinetic Energy

  7. Potential Energy is… • The energy stored in an object. • "Potential" simply means the energy has the ability to do something useful later on.

  8. Examples of Potential Energy: A stretched rubber band.. Water at the top of a waterfall.. Yo–Yo held in your hand.. A drawn Bow and Arrow…

  9. Potential Energy The energy in matter due to its position or the arrangement of its parts

  10. Potential Energy Elastic Potential Energy Gravitation Potential Energy Chemical Potential Energy There are 3 types of Potential Energy

  11. What is Gravitational Potential Energy? • Potential energy due to an object’s position • The higher an object the greater the gravitational potential energy • P.E. = mass x height x gravity Don’t look down, Rover! Good boy!

  12. The higher an object, the more gravitational potential energy it has. • The more mass an object has, the more gravitational potential energy it has.

  13. Which object has more gravitational potential energy? B A

  14. ANSWER A This brick has more mass than the feather; therefore more potential energy!

  15. Changing an objects’ height can change its potential energy. • If I want to drop an apple from the top of one of these three things, where will be the most gravitational potential energy? A C B

  16. ANSWER • The higher the object, the more potential energy! A

  17. What is Elastic Potential Energy? • Potential energy due compression or expansion of an elastic object. Notice the ball compressing and expanding

  18. What is Chemical Potential Energy? • Potential energy stored within the chemical bonds of an object

  19. Kinetic Energy Is… • The energy of a moving object. • "Kinetic" means movement! • When stored energy is being used up, it is making things move or happen. SPI 0607.t/e.

  20. Examples of Kinetic Energy:

  21. Kinetic Energy • The faster the object moves, the more kinetic energy is produced. • The greater the mass and speed of an object, the more kinetic energy there will be.

  22. When these objects move at the same speed, which will have more kinetic energy?

  23. ANSWER The semi- truck has more mass; therefore, more kinetic energy!

  24. Potential Energy Converted to Kinetic Energy… • When stored energy begins to move, the object now transforms from potential energy into kinetic energy.

  25. An object has the MOST kinetic energy when it’s movement is the GREATEST. • When an object has the LEAST potential energy, it has the MOST kinetic energy.

  26. A water bottle is knocked off a desk.When does the bottle have the MOST kinetic energy? A. At the top of the fall. B. In the middle of the fall. C. At the bottom of the fall.

  27. C. At the bottom of the fall. • It has the most kinetic energy when its movement and speed are greatest, which is at the bottom of the fall right before it hits the ground. • When an object has the LEAST potential energy is when it has the MOST kinetic energy. BrainPop

  28. Roller Coasters • When does the train on this roller coaster have the MOST potential energy? • AT THE VERY TOP! • The HIGHER the train is lifted by the motor, the MORE potential energy is produced. • At the top of the hill the train has a huge amount of potential energy, but it has very little kinetic energy.

  29. As the train accelerates down the hill the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. • There is very little potential energy at the bottom of the hill, but there is a great amount of kinetic energy.

  30. When does the train on this roller coaster have the MOST kinetic energy? (When is it moving the fastest?) (When does it have the LEAST potential energy???) • At the bottom of the tallest hill!

  31. Energy due to a object’s motion (kinetic) or position (potential). It’s the combination of potential and Kinetic. A moving car possesses mechanical energy due to its motion (kinetic energy). A moving baseball possesses mechanical energy due to both its high speed (kinetic energy) and its vertical position above the ground (gravitational potential energy) Mechanical Energy is used to make sounds come from Piano’s ( pressing the key or strumming a guitar) What is Mechanical Energy?

  32. Examples of Mechanical Energy

  33. In Review • Energy is never created or destroyed. It is always stored or transformed. = • All energy is divided into two types: potential and kinetic. • Potential Energy: The energy stored in an object. • Kinetic Energy: The energy of a moving object. • Remember that Potential Energy and Kinetic energy has an inverse relationship. So as one goes up, the other goes down.

  34. Potential or Kinetic Energy: Do You Know the Difference? Home Continue

  35. Potential Energy Kinetic Energy 1. Which energy type? An airplane circling in preparation for a landing Home Continue

  36. 2. Which energy type? A pile of coal that will be used for fuel Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Home Continue

  37. 3. Which energy type? A flag blowing in the wind Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Home Continue

  38. 4. Which energy type? A hatbox stored on the top shelf of a closet Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Home Continue

  39. 5. Which energy type? An unlit firecracker Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Home Continue

  40. 6. Which energy type? A hammer held above a nail Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Home Continue

  41. 7. Which energy type? A marble rolling down the aisle of your science classroom Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Home Continue

  42. 8. Which energy type? A new car battery Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Home Continue

  43. 9. Which energy type? Glucose stored in plants as a result of photosynthesis Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Home Continue

  44. 10. Which energy type? An ant crawling across a sandwich at a picnic Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Home Continue

  45. 11. Which energy type? A tennis racket about to crash down on a ball near the net Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Home Continue

  46. 12. Which energy type? An eyelash fluttering Potential Energy Kinetic Energy Home Continue

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