4-1BB Signaling Pathway

1. 4-1BB/4-1BBL Signaling Pathway TCR ligation of T cells transiently induces expression of 4-1BB (also known as CD137 or TNFRSF9, encoded by TNFRSF9), a fellow of the TNF receptor superfamily. 4-1BB was originally identified in mice by a modified differential screening procedure. The human homologue of 4-1BB (CD137) was cloned from activated human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-transformed human T-lymphocytes library. Human 4-1BB resides on chromosome 1p3613, in a cluster of related genes including TNFR2, CD30, OX40 and TAMP/Apo3, which have been shown to be mutated in several malignancies. From previous studies, we can know that the human 4-1BB contains 255 a.a. with two potential N-linked glycosylation sites. Hydrophobicity analysis predicted that 4-1BB has a putative signal peptide, an extracellular domain, a transmembrane region and a short intracellular domain. The molecular weight of the protein was calculated to be 27 kDa and was shown to be 60% identical to murine 4-1BB. In the cytoplasmic domain, five regions of a.a. sequences were conserved between mice and human, indicating that these residues might be important for 4-1BB function. https://www.creative-diagnostics.com/4-1bb-4-1bbl-signaling-pathway.htm