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Haptens, such as dinitrophenol, are small chemicals that can be bound by specific antibodies but are not immunogenic by themselves. If, however, haptens are coupled to proteins, which serve as carriers, the conjugates are able to induce antibody responses against the haptens.
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Hapten An antigen is any substance that may be specifically bound by an antibody molecule or T cell receptor. Antibodies can recognize as antigens almost every kind of biologic molecule, including simple intermediary metabolites, sugars, lipids, autacoids, and hormones, as well as macromolecules such as complex carbohydrates, phospholipids, nucleic acids, and proteins. This is in contrast to T cells, which mainly recognize peptides. The term hapten (half antigen) was introduced in the 1920s by Karl Landsteiner to define low molecular weight chemical reagents which, as such, will not induce immune responses. However, immune responses to haptenated macromolecular carriers (proteins) lead to the production of hapten-specific antibodies and T lymphocytes. Haptens, such as dinitrophenol, are small chemicals that can be bound by specific antibodies but are not immunogenic by themselves. If, however, haptens are coupled to proteins, which serve as carriers, the conjugates are able to induce antibody responses against the haptens. There are three important characteristics of anti-hapten antibody responses to hapten-protein conjugates. Haptens are readily available at Creative Diagnostics, and have also been continuously employed for researchers to scientific research. If you have any inquires about these haptens, please definitely contact us at 1-631-624-4882 or via email at info@creative-diagnostics.com. http://www.creative-diagnostics.com/Hapten.htm
