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PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway

PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway:　http://www.creative-diagnostics.com/PI3K-AKT-Signaling-Pathway.htm<br><br>

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PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway

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  1. PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway The PI3K-Akt Signaling pathway has many downstream effects and must be carefully regulated. Negatively regulation of PI3K-AKT pathway can be achieve at to target: the PIP3 level and the inactivation of AKT protein. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a main down regulation protein which can converting PIP3 into PIP2. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), which dephosphorylates Akt at Thr308 and phosphatase PHLPP dephosphorylates Akt at Ser473 are also two negative regulation proteins. Addition to these regulation protein, the pathway itself also have feedback mechanisms: Transcription factor NF-κB, activated by Akt, regulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARβ/δ) agonists and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), which in turn repress PTEN expression as a positive feedback; Negative feedback loop is functioned by mTORC1 and S6K1 activation. S6K1 is able to phosphorylate IRS-1 at multiple serine residues, preventing binding to RTKs, resulting the suppression of PI3K activation http://www.creative-diagnostics.com/PI3K-AKT-Signaling-Pathway.htm

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