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The Relationship Between Sexual Identity and G.P.A

This research project explores the relationship between sexual identity and GPA among students. Raw data collected from Twitter polls is analyzed using the Chi Square Test of Association to determine any significant trends. The results do not support the hypothesis of a relationship between sexual identity and GPA.

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The Relationship Between Sexual Identity and G.P.A

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  1. The Relationship Between Sexual Identity and G.P.A By Emma Syring AP Statistics Jay Selvaag 2016

  2. Introduction Goals And Direction Is There a Relationship Between Sexual Identity and GPA? Although there hasn’t been direct stigma around academic intelligence and sexual attraction, it is an interesting subject to explore. This research project is directed to explore samples’ identification and grade point average, and see if there are any significant trends. Raw data will be collected, evaluated, and charted. After this, an inference procedure of Chi Square Test of Association will be carried out to determine if the results are statistically significant. Key Points • G.P.A is not an accurate reflection of academic intelligence • Results do not determine any facts

  3. Data Collection Method and Analysis I wanted to reach a large audience in a short time. The targeted group was students (thus having a G.P.A), and the best way to reach this age group was through social media platforms. Twitter has recently created a feature that enables a user to make polls where others can anonymously voice their input. These percentages are out of a total of 144 votes from users on twitter. After answering the first question, groups were asked to contribute their G.P.A, as seen below. Because people have to willingly vote making this a Voluntary Sampling Method. This could alter the results due to absence of other people who chose not/ happened to not vote.

  4. Data Collection Pt. 2 After collecting all of the data, a Chi Square Test Of Association/Independence will be carried out to test if there is a relationship between the two variables. A P Value of .05 will be used.

  5. Exploratory Data Analysis: Observed Counts Combined Observed Data from Twitter Polls Units are frequency of votes.

  6. Exploratory Data Analysis: Expected Counts Using an expected count equation, ((row x column)/grand total)) values are produced. Units are frequency of votes.

  7. Observed Data Graphs Observed Frequencies In Regards to Sexual Identity and G.P.A In attraction to only opposite gender, most of the data are heavily placed in the 3.5 to 4.0 range. Approximately 46.8% lies here. In attraction to same/other gender/s, most of the data is also heavily placed in the 3.5 to 4.0 range. Approximately 54.3% lies here.

  8. Expected Data Graphs What the data was expected to show in attraction to only opposite gender was a 49% frequency of 3.5 - 4.0 GPA. Our observed shows a higher percentage than this. What the data was expected to show in attraction to same/other gender/s is a 47% frequency in 3.5 - 4.0 GPA. Our observed shows a higher percentage than this.

  9. Hypotheses Few things need to be stated before carrying out inference procedure. Ho: There is no relationship between sexual identity and GPA. Ha: There is a relationship between sexual identity and GPA.

  10. Assumptions • Random - not technically random. Voters voluntarily voted, however procedure will be carried out regardless of this violation. • Categorical - Sexual Preference is a categorical variable however GPA could be argued the opposite. Since it is measured in ranges, (i.e., 3.5 - 4.0) frequencies are only counted here which allows for the condition to be met. • Large Counts - All expected counts are more than 5, erasing any major skewing in the procedure and graph.

  11. Chi Square Test of Association Using the equation values will be produced that when added together, will provide a chi square value. The chi square value will determine whether or not there is a relationship or dependence between GPA and sexual identity. (21-23)2/23 + (10-8)2/8 + (37-32)2/32 + (6-11)2/11 + (51-53)2/53 + (19-17)2/17 .174 + .5 + .157 + 2.28 + .076 + .236 = 3.423CHI SQUARE VALUE Degrees of Freedom = (r - 1)(c - 1) so (2)(1) =2 DF

  12. Conclusion Looking at the chi square distribution table, the P value is in between .25 and .10. If we were to test this at a .05 significance level, which most tests use to get a thoroughly accurate result, the Chi Square value would need to be above 5.99. Since 3.423 is not more than that, we simply cannot reject the null hypothesis. I am 95% confident that there is no association/relationship between sexual identity and GPA. There is not strong evidence that shows that there is dependence between sexual identity and GPA.

  13. Improvements In the future I would’ve made a few key improvements. • Random Sample • Instead of merely creating a poll without mandatory response, I would try and get as many votes as possible, eliminating variability and nonresponse. • Larger Sample • Again, increasing accuracy, decreasing variability. • More Options • Give more options for people to choose from, regarding just attraction to one gender, smaller GPA, ranges, etc.

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