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Genetics

Genetics. Textbook: Biology11 Chapter 4. Heredity. Gregor Mendel. Austrian monk (1822-1884) Worked with pea plant Readily distinguishable characteristics Short generation time Easy to control pollination. Reproductive        structures of flowers.

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Genetics

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  1. Genetics Textbook: Biology11 Chapter 4

  2. Heredity

  3. Gregor Mendel • Austrian monk (1822-1884) • Worked with pea plant • Readily distinguishable characteristics • Short generation time • Easy to control pollination

  4. Reproductive        structures offlowers http://anthro.palomar.edu/mendel/mendel_1.htm transfer pollen from pollen parent to seed parent

  5. http://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio111/genetics.htmhttp://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio111/genetics.htm

  6. http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/mendel/heredity.htm

  7. Monohybrid Cross (p.3 and 132-137)Tall x Small (homozygous)

  8. http://www.geneticfutures.com/thegift/info/sheet1.asp

  9. The 3 Mendel’s laws (p.2) • Mendel's first law (also called the law of segregation) states that during the formation of gametes (reproductive cells), pairs of allele for a specific trait separate so that offspring receive one factor from each parent.

  10. Mendel’s second law (p.6) • Mendel's second law (also called the law of independent assortment) states that the distribution of alleles for one trait that occurs during the formation of gametes (meiosis) does not affect the distribution of alleles for other traits.

  11. Mendel’s third law • Mendel's third law (also called the law of dominance) states that one of the genes for a pair of inherited traits will be dominant and the other recessive, unless both factors are recessive.

  12. Practice makes perfect • Bio 11 p. 137 #1 • And genetics worksheet 1

  13. Test Cross: To determine the genotype of a dominant phenotype (p.4)

  14. Practice makes perfect • Do genetics worksheet 2 • And p. 137-138 # 2 & 4 • And p. 140 #5

  15. Dihybrid Cross And now, the fun part, the F2 generation

  16. Dihybrid cross (answers for p.5 of booklet) http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/mendel/heredity.htm

  17. Practice makes perfect • Do genetics worksheet 3 • Lab: Genetics of Corn • Lab: Virtual Fruit Fly

  18. Multiple alleles (p.6) • More than 2 alleles • Ex: eye colour of fruit flies wild type(red) > apricot > honey > white • Phenotype genotype wild type ___ apricot ___ honey ___ white ___

  19. Multiple alleles (p.6) • Exercice E1E4 x E2E3 (red x apricot)

  20. Incomplete dominance (p.7, 144-145) • Ex: Colour of snapdragons’ flowers • Red x White • CRCR x CWCW(do Punnett square) Ratio F2?

  21. Co-dominance (p.9) • Another form of incomplete dominance. • Ex: red, white, roan cow, ABO blood groups • Alleles: IA, IA, i • Group A: antigen ___ : ____ or ____ • Group B: antigen ___ : ____ or ____ • Group AB: antigen ___ : ____ • Group O: antigen ___ : ____

  22. Co-dominance: try this • Mother is A • Baby is AB • Man is O • Man is B • Who is the father? Show your answer by drawing the 2 possible Punnett Squares.

  23. Practice makes perfect • Do Genetics worksheet 4 • Bio 11 p. 145 # 1 & 4.

  24. Lethal genes (p. 9) • Read and do Polygenic Inheritance

  25. Polygenic Inheritance (p.9) • Characteristic controlled by several pairs of genes which are independent of each other, often on different chromosomes eg. Eye color, skin color, height • Shows continuous variation

  26. AB Ab aB ab AB AABB AABb AaBB AaBb Ab AABb AAbb AaBb Aabb aB AaBB AaBb aaBB aaBb ab AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb Polygenic inheritance

  27. Polygenic inheritance • Let’s do bottom of p. 9 together

  28. Polygenic Inheritance with complimentary interaction (p.10) • Pea comb = rrP_ • Rose comb = R_pp • Walnut comb = R_P_ • Single comb = rrpp • Let’s do p. 10 together

  29. More practice • Genetics worksheet 5

  30. Linkage

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