Middle Passage

1. Middle Passage

2. Slaves brought through Africa on Triangular Trade

3. 3/5ths Compromise

4. Slaves would count as 3/5ths of a white person to determine the population of a state for taxation and representatives in the House of Representatives.

5. Slave Codes

6. Laws designed to limit the rights of blacks (before the Civil War). Slaves cannot be taught to read and write Slaves need a pass when leaving a plantation *designed to make it difficult for slaves to escape

7. Missouri Compromise

8. 1820 Admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state…AND drew an imaginary line where slaver was permitted to the South of it and banned to the North of it in the new territories of the U.S.

9. Compromise of 1850

10. California enters U.S. as a free state. New Mexico & Utah voters would decide if they want slavery.

11. Fugitive Slave Law 1850

12. Part of the Compromise of 1850 that stated all people should help catch runaway slaves. If anyone is caught letting a slave escape they could be fined an/or jailed.

13. Abolition

14. A movement to end slavery.

15. Underground Railroad

16. Secret network of stops with the goal of allowing slaves to escape into freedom. Harriet Tubman helped many slaves escape on the underground railroad.

17. Dred Scott Case

18. Said slavery was legal in all the territories of the U.S. and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. Dred Scott was a slave that sued for his freedom, but he did not have the right to sue in the courts.

19. Uncle Tom’s Cabin

20. Novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe which showed the evils of slavery and upset the people of the North before the Civil War.

21. Sojourner Truth

22. Former slave who spoke out against slavery.

23. Frederick Douglass

24. Former slave who also spoke out against slavery. He was an excellent speaker, literate, and the best known African American abolitionist.

25. EmancipationProclamation

26. Created in 1863 during the Civil War in order to boost support for the north’s (Union’s) cause. Abraham Lincoln “freed” all slaves in the states in rebellion (the Confederate states).

27. 13th Amendment

28. Freed slaves

29. 14th Amendment

30. Made former slaves citizens (declared that anyone born in the U.S. is a citizen)

31. 15th Amendment

32. Gave slaves the right to vote

33. Jim Crow Laws

34. Established segregation (dividing public places by race). African Americans lost some of their political, voting, power with: Poll TaxLiteracy Tests Grandfather clause

35. Plessy vs. Ferguson

36. 1896 court case that allowed separate but equal facilities. It legalized segregation in schools, buses, etc…and made the Jim Crow laws legal

37. NAACP(National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)

38. Group created in 1909 with the purpose of gaining equal rights for African Americans.

39. Civil Rights Movement

40. 1950s Efforts of black leaders to achieve equality

41. Brown vs. Board of Education

42. 1954 Supreme Court case that stated separate was NOT equal, schools to be desegregated (no discrimination).

43. RosaParks

44. 1955 Fought segregation on buses in Alabama. Dr. Martin Luther King leads a bus boycott

45. Martin LutherKing, Jr.

46. Insisted on civil disobedience – nonviolent protest against unjust laws.

47. Civil Rights Act of 1964

48. Protected the right of all citizens to vote

49. 24thAmendment

50. Banned poll taxes (1964)