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Contents Programming

WEB DESIGN 1 THEORY : 30 PRACTICE : 60 L ecturer : Phạm Sĩ Quan Phone : 0908 534 992 Email: siquan@hotmail.com.vn Blog: phamsiquan@wordpress.com. Contents Programming. HTML – Hyper Text Markup Language. CSS – Cascading Style Sheet. Dreamweaver. JavaScript.

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Contents Programming

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  1. WEB DESIGN 1THEORY : 30PRACTICE : 60Lecturer : PhạmSĩQuanPhone : 0908 534 992Email: siquan@hotmail.com.vnBlog: phamsiquan@wordpress.com

  2. Contents Programming HTML – Hyper Text Markup Language CSS – Cascading Style Sheet Dreamweaver JavaScript

  3. Lapreport(Return all in-class exercises have) Mid-term test Final test Topic subjects (Each group of 3 students - design a website complete with content learned) Evaluation Criteria Subject

  4. Concepts Internet - Intranet World Wide Web Web Page – Web Site - URL Web Server and Web Browser HTML: The Language of the Web

  5. Internet - Intranet • Internet is a global computer network in which computers communicate with each other via TCP/ IP. • Intranet is local network not connected to the internet, just connect the computers in the same network of a company and also connected through TCP / IP

  6. World Wide Web • The World Wide Web is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet on which users to easily navigate from one topic to another. • With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia and navigate between them by using hyperlinks

  7. Web page – Web site - URL • The hypertext documents within a Web site are known as Web pages. • An entire collection of linked documents is referred to as a Web site. • Individual pages can contain text, audio, video, and even programs that can be run remotely. • URL is the addresses Internet full of a page or file, including protocols, location the network path options and the name file. For example, http:// www.microsoft.com / ms.htm

  8. Web server and Web Browser • A Web page is stored on a Web server, which in turn makes it available to the network. • To view a Web page, a client runs a software program called a Web browser, which retrieves the page from the server and displays it. • The earliest browsers, known as text-based browsers, were incapable of displaying images. Today most computers support graphical browsers which are capable of displaying not only images, but also video, sound, animations, and a variety of graphical features

  9. HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language • A Web page is a text file written in a language called Hypertext Markup Language • A markup language is a language that describes a document’s structure and content • HTML is not a programming language or a formatting language

  10. Contents Fundamental HTML elements Basic HTML Tags HTML List HTML Image

  11. FUNDAMENTAL • What is HTML? • HTML is a language for describing web pages. • HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language • HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language. • A markup language is a set of markup tags. • HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages.

  12. FUNDAMENTAL • HTML Tags: HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags • HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like <html> • HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and </b> • The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag. • Start and end tags are also called opening tagsand closing tags.

  13. FUNDAMENTAL • HTML Document = Web Page • HTML documents describe web pages, it contain HTML tags and plain text • Structure of the web page: <html> <head> information of the web page</head><body> content display on browser</body> </html>

  14. FUNDAMENTAL • Web Browser • The purpose of a web browser (like Internet Explorer or Firefox) is to read HTML documents and display them as web pages. • The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page

  15. FUNDAMENTAL • Editing HTML • We use a plain text editor (like Notepad) to edit HTML. This is the best way to learn HTML. • However, professional web developers often prefer HTML editors like FrontPage or Dreamweaver, instead of writing plain text. • HTM or HTML Extension? • When you save an HTML file, you can use either the .htm or the .html extension. • With new software it is perfectly safe to use .html.

  16. HTML ELEMENTS • HTML Elements: An HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:

  17. HTML ELEMENTS • HTML Element Syntax • An HTML element starts with a start tag / opening tag and ends with an end tag / closing tag • The element content is everything between the start and the end tag • Some HTML elements have empty content • Empty elements are closed in the start tag • Most HTML elements can have attributes

  18. HTML ELEMENTS • Nested HTML Elements • Most HTML elements can be nested (can contain other HTML elements). • HTML documents consist of nested HTML elements. • Empty HTML Elements • HTML elements without content are called empty elements. Empty elements can be closed in the start tag. • <br> is an empty element without a closing tag

  19. HTML ELEMENTS • Example: <html> <body> <p>This is my first paragraph</p></body> </html> • Explain: • The <html> element defines the whole HTML document. • The <body> element defines the body of the HTML document. • The <p> element defines a paragraph in the HTML document

  20. HTML ELEMENTS • HTML Attributes • HTML elements can have attributes • Attributes provide additional information about the element. • Attributes are always specified in the start tag. • Attributes come in name/value pairs like: name="value“. • Attribute values should always be enclosed in quotes • Example <a href=“http://www.w3schools.com”>This is a link </a>

  21. HTML ELEMENTS • Below is a list of some attributes that are standard for most HTML elements:

  22. BASIC HTML TAGS • HTML Headings • Headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags. • <h1> defines the largest heading. • <h6> defines the smallest heading. • Example <h1>This is a heading1</h1><h2>This is a heading2</h2><h3>This is a heading3</h3> Browsers automatically adds an empty line before and after headings.

  23. BASIC HTML TAGS • Example <html> <body> <h1>This is heading 1</h1> <h2>This is heading 2</h2> <h3>This is heading 3</h3> <h4>This is heading 4</h4> <h5>This is heading 5</h5> <h6>This is heading 6</h6> </body> </html>

  24. BASIC HTML TAGS • HTML Rules (Lines) • The <hr /> tag is used to create an horizontal rule (line). • Example: <html><body> <p>The hr tag defines a horizontal rule:</p> <hr /> <p>This is a paragraph</p> <hr /> <p>This is a paragraph</p> </body></html>

  25. BASIC HTML TAGS • Optional Attributes of the <HR> tag: <HR Align=”directtion” Width= “Value” Size=value color=#rrggbb> • Example: <HR Align=CENTER Size=12 Width=100% color=RED> <HR Align=CENTER SizeE=6 Width=50% color=GREEN> <HR Align=CENTER Size=3 Width=25% color=BLUE> <HR Align=CENTER Size=1 Width=10% color=YELLOW>

  26. BASIC HTML TAGS • HTML Comments • Comments can be inserted in the HTML code to make it more readable and understandable. Comments are ignored by the browser and are not displayed. • Example <html><body> <!--This comment will not be displayed--> <p>This is a regular paragraph</p> </body></html>

  27. BASIC HTML TAGS • HTML Paragraphs: • Paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag • Browsers automatically adds an empty line before and after paragraphs. • Example: <html><body> <p>This is a paragraph. <p>This is a paragraph. <p>Don't forget to close your HTML tags!</p> </body></html>

  28. BASIC HTML TAGS • HTML Line Breaks: • Use the <br /> tag if you want a line break (a new line) without starting a new paragraph. • The <br /> element is an empty HTML element. It has no end tag. • <br> or <br /> • Example: <html><body> <p>This is<br />a paragraph<br /> with line breaks</p> </body></html>

  29. BASIC HTML TAGS • HTML Text Formatting: • HTML uses tags like <b> and <i> for formatting output, like bold or italic text. • These HTML tags are called formatting tags. • Example: <html><body> <p><b>This text is bold</b></p> <p><big>This text is big</big></p> <p><i>This text is italic</i></p> <p>This is<sub> subscript</sub> and <sup>superscript</sup></p> </body></html>

  30. BASIC HTML TAGS Text Formatting Tags

  31. BASIC HTML TAGS • HTML Styles: The style attribute is a new HTML attribute. It introduces CSS to HTML. • The purpose of the style attribute is: • To provide a common way to style all HTML elements. • With HTML styles, styles can be added to HTML elements directly by using the style attribute, or indirectly by in separate style sheets (CSS files)..

  32. BASIC HTML TAGS • Examples • style="background-color:yellow" • style="font-size:10px" • style="font-family:Times" • style="text-align:center" • Some the attribute always use: • Background Color Ex: <body style="background-color:yellow"> • The style attribute defines a style for the <body> element.

  33. BASIC HTML TAGS • Font Family, Color and Size Ex: <p style="font-family:courier new; color:red; font-size:20px"> • The style attribute defines a style for the <p> element. • Text Alignment Ex: <h1 style="text-align:center"> • The style attribute defines a style for the <h1> element.

  34. BASIC HTML TAGS • HTML Fonts: <FONT Face=”fontName1, fontName2, fontName3” size=”value” color=”#rrggbb”> content </FONT> • Example: <p><font size="2" face="Verdana"> This is a paragraph.</font> </p>

  35. Company Logo BASIC HTML TAGS • Font Attributes

  36. BASIC HTML TAGS • The Right Way to Do It - With Styles: <html> <body> <p style="font-family:verdana;font-size:80%; color:green"> This is a paragraph with style. </p> </body> </html>

  37. HTML Colors • HTML Color Values: HTML colors are defined using a hexadecimal (hex) notation for the combination of Red, Green, and Blue color values (RGB). • The lowest value that can be given to one of the light sources is 0 (hex 00). The highest value is 255 (hex FF). • Hex values are written as 3 double digit numbers, starting with a # sign.

  38. HTML Colors

  39. HTML Colors • HTML Color Names: • The W3C HTML and CSS standards have listed only 16 valid color names:aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow.

  40. HTML Colors • To change the color scheme of web page you use Body tag. <BODY BGCOLOR=color TEXT=color LINK=color VLINK=color>

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