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Cell Division

Cell Division. Natalia Sivackova. References:. Course companion: pgs. 36-40 Study Guide: 11, 20. Cell Cycle. Ex. growth, asexual reproduction, tissue repair Eukaryotic Cells: Mitosis: two genetically identical nuclei Division of cytoplasm is called cytokinesis. Prokaryotic Cells:

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Cell Division

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  1. Cell Division Natalia Sivackova

  2. References: • Course companion: pgs. 36-40 • Study Guide: 11, 20

  3. Cell Cycle • Ex. growth, asexual reproduction, tissue repair • Eukaryotic Cells: • Mitosis: two genetically identical nuclei • Division of cytoplasm is called cytokinesis • Prokaryotic Cells: • Binary fission • Replication of single cellular chromosome • Then cytokinesis

  4. Cell Cycle - Interphase • Interphase • Cell can be in this stage indefinitely • Metabolic reactions occur • ex. DNA replication • Three phases: G1, S, and G2 • During S phase cell copies all genetic material

  5. Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis

  6. 4 Phases of Mitosis • Prophase: • Chromosomes start coiling • The nuclear membrane breaks down at end • Microtubules grow from the pole of the cell • From microtubule organizing center (MTOC) • Form a spindle shape • MTOC’s + microtubules = mitotic spindle

  7. 4 Phases of Mitosis • Metaphase • Spindle microtubules to centromeres • Centromeres are moved to equator of the cell

  8. 4 Phases of Mitosis • Anaphase • Chromatids separate • Spindle microtubules pull them to poles • Produces two genetically identical nuclei

  9. 4 Phases of Mitosis • Telophase • Nuclear membranes form around chromatids (now chromosomes) • Chromosomes uncoil • Cell divides • Two daughter cells enter interphase again

  10. Vocabulary: • Cell Cycle: an ordered sequence of events (interphase and cell division) • Interphase: active period in the life of a cell when metabolic reactions occur • Prophase: first phase of cell division, chromosomes coil, mitotic spindle • Metaphase: chromosomes move to equator • Anaphase: chromatids separate and are pulled to poles • Telophase: nuclear membranes reform, chromosomes uncoil, cells divide

  11. Sources: • http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/labbench/lab3/spores2.html(pictures) • Information from Course Companion

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