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Blood Vessel Modeling using 2D/3D Level Set Method

A comprehensive overview of blood vessel modeling through level-set based 2D segmentation, with focus on geometric modeling, segmentation quality, and future directions for cardiovascular disease research. This method addresses challenges in accurate patient-specific modeling for medical applications.

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Blood Vessel Modeling using 2D/3D Level Set Method

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  1. Blood Vessel Modeling using2D/3D Level Set Method

  2. Overview • Main Idea • Big Picture • Problem Considered • Motivation • Main Approach : Level-Set Based 2D Segmentation • Discussion • Strength and Weakness of the Approach • Comparison with other approaches • Future Direction

  3. Pipeline for Blood Flow Modeling Quantification, Visualization Finite Element Calculation Geometric Modeling 3D Image Acquisition cardivascular disease research, medical device design, and surgical planning

  4. What is Problem? • Construct accurate patient-specific 3D geometric models (tetrahedral mesh) of blood vessels of interest

  5. Why is it important? • Flow calculation using finite element method requires quality mesh • Accuracy of calculation depends on that of geometric model • Geometry Quantification

  6. from Image to GeomtryWhy is it difficult ? • Usually requires ill-defined segmentation process • Computers easily make an error • Thresholding (Isocontouring) is well defined but often it is not useful in medical applications • Noisy Scanning • Accurate Construction • Patient-Specific • Operator Dependence • Minimal user interaction is favorable • Robustness • Always guarantee quality result ?

  7. Main Approach for Geometry • Path (Centerline) Construction • Semi-automatic , manual • 2D image Segmentation • Surface Reconstruction thru lofting • Solid Model Operation (CSG) : Union • Automatic Mesh Generation

  8. Level Set Method for 2D Segmentation • Implicit Geometry Description • F(X) = 0 ex) F (x,y,z) = x + y + z -1 = 0 • Evolving Geometry : F(X,t)=0 • Ft + v | grad F | = 0 • Intuitively, move a lot on low intensity gradient area and move little on high intensity gradient area along normal direction • v : speed function , k : curvature , I : intensity • Segmentation Quality Measurement • Compare segmentation with phantom geometry 2 2 2

  9. Surface Reconstruction • Lofting • Multiple Vessels - Boolean Set Operation (Union) • Automatic Mesh Generation from solid models

  10. Extend 2D to 3D No centerline necessary No lofting (interpolation) : more accurate Smooth Junction Often Hard to control (geometry & topology) 3D Level Set Method

  11. Strength Intuitive : taking advantage of tubular shape of vessels Clean Output Controllability Geometry Topology Noise Removal Robust Weakness Heavy manual work Centerline construction A bunch of 2D segmentation which is not automatic Stopping criteria Inaccurate Lofting & interpolation Non-smooth junction Possible Self-Intersection Limited to only tubular structure segmentation 2D level set approach

  12. Comparison

  13. Conclusion • Image Based Vascular Model Construction • Centerline construction • Level set based 2D segmentation along centerline • Surface reconstruction thru lofting • Solid modeling & mesh generation • Tradeoffs : 2D vs 3D segmentation

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