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Conditional Clauses

Conditional Clauses. 1. Realistic Conditions. >> conditions which the speaker thinks can be fulfilled IF +INICATIVE , WILL-FUTURE If the plane arrives on time, we will catch our train. Unless it is raining tomorrow, we’ll have a barbecue. VARIATIONS

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Conditional Clauses

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  1. Conditional Clauses

  2. 1. Realistic Conditions >> conditions which the speaker thinks can be fulfilled IF +INICATIVE , WILL-FUTURE • If the plane arrives on time, we will catch our train. • Unless it is raining tomorrow, we’ll have a barbecue.

  3. VARIATIONS • If you can spare time, please come to my party. (imperative) • If you put thyme on pork chops, they taste a lot better. (general truth) • If we don’t feed the baby at 6am, he always gets (will get) very grumpy. (habitual action) • If he should get the job, he will have to move. (not very likely condition)

  4. >> or (may) have already been fulfilled • If the plane has arrived on time, Pat will already be waiting for us. • If Kevin has broken his leg, he will be in plaster for weeks. • If the plane left on time, they’ll be landing in a few minutes. • If you have ever been to Capetown, you will have noticed how nice it is.

  5. 2. Hypothetical/unreal conditions >> conditions which cannot be fulfilled or can only theoretically be fulfilled IF + SIMPLE PAST , WOULD/MIGHT/COULD + INF • If I had a billion dollars, I would buy Chelsea London. • If I met Lady Gaga, I might borrow her outfit for Carnival. • If only I could play the guitar, I’d apply for a job with ACDC. (hyp. wish)

  6. >> conditions which can no longer be fulfilled as they are a speculation about the past IF + PAST PERFECT , CONDITIONAL PERFECT (would/might/could + have + participle) • If she had left in time, she wouldn’t have been late for the movies. • If he hadn’t had his friend with him, it might have been a very dull party. • If only I hadn’t bought this house, we wouldn’t have had to borrow so much money from the bank. (hyp. wish referring to the past)

  7. There are 4 types of conditional clauses (+ variations) • The zero conditional (Type 0) • Type 1 (if - present tense , will-future) • Type 2 (if - simple past , would+inf) • Type 3 (if – past perfect , would have + participle)

  8. Look at these sentences and decide which type of conditional clause it represents. • If she had seen you, she would have spoken to you. • If it rains, she‘ll stay home. • If he won the lottery, he would buy a Ferrari. • Even if you were the last man on Earth, I wouldn‘t go out with you. • If you heat water, it boils eventually. • If I were you, I would shave my armpits. • If we go to Aldi‘s, it will be chaeper. • If I hadn‘t gone to the party, I wouldn‘t have woken up with the worst hangover ever.

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