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Recruitment . . .

Recruitment . . . not rocket science . . . but no project gets off the ground without participants . . . Viv Maskrey & Annie Blyth Senior Research Associates University of East Anglia, Norwich. SHARPISH experience. Investigators: Collaborators: F. Song 1 M. Adeney 6

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Recruitment . . .

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  1. Recruitment . . . not rocket science . . . but no project gets off the ground without participants . . . Viv Maskrey & Annie Blyth Senior Research Associates University of East Anglia, Norwich

  2. SHARPISH experience Investigators:Collaborators: F. Song1 M. Adeney6 R. Holland1 T. Dyer7 G. Barton1 C. Slater8 M. Bachmann1 P. Aveyard2 S. Sutton3 J. Leonardi-Bee4 T. Brandon5 1. Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, UK 2. Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, UK 3. Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, UK 4. Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, UK 5. Tobacco Res and Intervention Program, University of South Florida, USA 6. SmokeFree Norfolk, Norfolk Community Health and Care Trust 7. Norwich CRTU 8. NHS Norfolk Stop Smoking Services

  3. SHARPISH background • NHS Stop Smoking services are cost-effective to help smokers stop smoking • 50% of smokers who set a quit date stop smoking at 4 weeks (Judge 2005) • However, smoking relapse is common among short-term quitters • 75% of the 4-week quitters go back to regular smoking between 4 and 52 weeks (Ferguson 2005)

  4. SHARPISH Study design • Based on meta-analysis* , showing: • Coping skills may reduce smoking relapse in people able to quit for at least one week • A randomised, open, controlled study • N = 1,400 (700 in each arm); study duration 3 years • Quitters recruited by Specialist Stop Smoking Advisors • Sending booklets to participants • 2 telephone follow-up interviews (at 3 and 12 months) • CO-test confirmation of abstinence at 12 months • *(Song F, Huttunen-Lenz M, Holland R. Effectiveness of complex psycho-educational interventions for smoking relapse prevention: an exploratory meta-analysis. J Pub Hlth 2009; doi:10.1093/.

  5. SHARPISH Intervention Forever Free Booklets BOOKLET 1An Overview BOOKLET 2Smoking Urges BOOKLET 3Smoking And Weight BOOKLET 4What If You Have A Cigarette? BOOKLET 5Your Health BOOKLET 6Smoking, Stress, & Mood BOOKLET 7Lifestyle Balance BOOKLET 8Life Without Cigarettes

  6. Funder: HTA Disclaimer • Acknowledgement: ‘This project was funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in the Health Technology Assessment journal series. • Visit the HTA programme website for more details www.hta.ac.uk/link to project page. The views and opinions expressed therein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Health’

  7. Viv and Annie • Study Co-ordinators • Job sharing • Two for the price of one • Two heads are better than one • First meeting reported on: • Numbers recruited • Numbers not recruited • Okay, but not enough • What do we do now?

  8. Back to the drawing board • Thought about our ethical code: • Respect • Honesty • Aim to be: • Enthusiastic • Tenacious • Encouraging • Appreciative • . . . pathologically positive

  9. A R M S • A - ahead • R - realistic • M - monitor • S - support

  10. A R M S • AHEAD • Recruiters’ events, and be there • Outside bodies to raise profile • Possible dips and peaks in recruitment • REALSITIC • What recruiters can do; be respectful • What you can do • Be prepared to let go

  11. A R M S • MONITOR • Systematic flaws in forms, procedures • Fix things before they become entrenched • Identify successes and failures and learn • SUPPORT • At any and every opportunity • Encourage successes, even small ones • Really care about their work, engender this for project too

  12. Black ducks and pink ducks

  13. Practical application of ARMS • Ensure positive presence at meetings • Anonymised quotes • Poems, small tokens • Listen to ideas • Occasional emails • Updates • Congratulations • Fun things • Parties, refresher evenings, quizzes • . . . raise the profile . . . be memorable!

  14. How was recruitment going? First 11 months recruitment = 550/733 (75%)

  15. What to do? • The possibilities are: • 1. Improve recruiters’ recruitment rates • 2. Increase number of recruiters • 3. Increase number of sites

  16. What did we do? • 1. Recruiters are doing really well, continue to support • 2. Increased number of recruiters • With help from PCRN • Enlisted advisors in primary care • 3. Increased number of sites • With help from PCRN • Enlisted Suffolk, Herts, GY&W, Lincs

  17. What happened?

  18. What happened? • Brilliant . . . • But what about follow up? • 92% at 2 months / 87.5% at 11 months

  19. For good follow up . . . • ULTRA FLEXIBLE • Work evenings • Work weekends • Travel about • Seek help

  20. REMEMBER . . . • Why people participate - • Helping others • Future patients • Clinicians • Help medical research • Don’t have to be of benefit • Weigh up perceived risk • Christina Jerosch-Herold, SCoRD, UEA 2011

  21. REMEMBER . . . A R M S • A - ahead • R - realistic • M - monitor • S – support • . . . and be memorable

  22. Thanks to . . . • HTA • PCRN • Stop Smoking Services • Health trainers • Recruiters • Our institutions • Trial Management Team • Steering Committee

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