What is a Program? An intentional effort to fulfill predetermined and important needs of people

1. What is a Program? • An intentional effort to fulfill predetermined and important needs of people • Single events or activities do not result in the types of behavior change necessary to accomplish this mission

2. Programs Must: • Provide Multiple Contacts With the Same Audience • Include a minimum 6 hours of Educational Instruction (GPRA) • Preferably use a Variety of Instructional Techniques • Strive for Behavior Change

3. Three Kinds of Programs Needs-Based Programming Problem-Based Programming Issues-Based Programming

4. Needs-Based Programs • often subject matter based • identified by clientele as a “felt need” • often motivated learners • goal of enhancing knowledge or skills

5. Problem-Based Programs • often focused on a specific audience • often subject-matter based • not necessarily identified by clientele as a “felt need” but rather an “ascribed need” not necessarily motivated • goal of changing practices or behaviors

6. Issues-Based Programs • often focused on widespread issue of public concern • complex, multi-disciplinary • not necessarily identified by clientele as a “felt need” but rather an “ascribed need” not necessarily motivated • information must be tailored for the audience • goal of changing practices or behaviors

7. Social,Economic, Environmental Conditions Practices Knowledge, Opinions, Skills, Aspirations Activities Resources Program Logic in Program Development Bennett’s Hierarchy Program Logic Model Planning Performance

8. FROM:JACOBS’ 1998 Five Tier Model for Evaluation BUREAUCRATIC PARADIGM SERVICE-ORIENTED RULES DRIVE ACTIONS TOP DOWN RIGIDITY / STANDARDIZED PUNISHES RISK TAKING REPORTS INPUTS ACTIVITIES OBJECTIVES-BASED PARADIGM OUTCOMES-ORIENTED NEEDS DRIVEN COLLABORATIVE FLEXIBILITY MONITOR OUTCOMES RISK TAKING DIVERSE MODELS

9. FROM: JACOBS 1998 EXEMPLIFY A COMMUNITY-BASED APPROACH PROMOTE PARTNERSHIP WITH ALL STAKEHOLDERS IN EVALUAITON SOLICIT AND VALUE DIVERSITY INSTILL COLLABORATION AND COMMUNICATION BE ACCESIBLE AND RESPECTFUL FOSTER SUSTAINABILITY

10. Tier One: PROGRAM DEFINITION • PURPOSE: • DOCUMENT NEED FOR A PARTICULAR PROGRAM • USE LITERATURE TO JUSTIFY PLANNED PROGRAM RELATIVE TO NEEDS AND ASSETS • DEFINE PLANNED PROGRAM

11. Tier One: PROGRAM DEFINITION • TASKS: • WORK WITH STAKEHOLDERS TO ASSESS COMMUNITY NEEDS AND ASSETS • REVIEW PERTINENT LITERATURE BASE • DESCRIBE PROGRAM VISION, MISSION, GOALS, OBJECTIVES, CHARACTERISTICS

12. Tier Two: ACCOUNTABILITY • PURPOSE: • EXAMINE IF PROGRAM SERVES THOSE IT WAS INTENDED TO IN THE MANNER PROPOSED

13. Tier Two: ACCOUNTABILITY • TASKS: • IDENTIFY STAKEHOLDERS • DOCUMENT PROGRAM PARTICIPANTS, ACTIVITIES, AND HOW SERVICES ARE DELIVERED • (BUREACRATIC PARADIGM STOPS HERE!)

14. Tier Three: UNDERSTANDING AND REFINING PURPOSE: IMPROVE PROGRAM BY PROVIDING INFORMATION TO VOLUNTEERS, PARTICIPANTS, AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS

15. Tier Three: UNDERSTANDING & REFINING • TASKS: • GATHER PROGRAM SATISFACTION DATA • EXAMINE THE FIT BETWEEN TIER 1 AND TIER 2 DATA • EXAMINE PROCESS DATA AND IDENTIFY LESSONS LEARNED • IDENTIFY PROGRAM STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES • REVISIT LITERATURE

16. Tier Four: PROGRESS TOWARDS OBJECTIVES Objectives Outcomes Measures Collect Measures Report Findings PURPOSE: DOCUMENT PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS AND OUTCOMES

17. Tier Four: PROGRESS TOWARDS OBJECTIVES Objectives Outcomes Measures • TASKS: • WRITE OUTCOMES FOR OBJECTIVES • CREATE MEASURES FOR OUTCOMES • DECIDE ON DESIGN ISSUES AND DATA ANALYSIS • REPORT FINDING TO ALL STAKEHOLDERS

18. Tier Five: Program Impact • Purpose: • DEMONSTRATE LONG TERM IMPROVEMENTS IN QUALITY OF LIFE • DEMONSTRATE PROGRAM SUSTAINABILITY • SUGGEST MODELS WORTHY OF DUPLICATION • CONTRIBUTE TO THE LITERATURE

19. Tier Five: Program Impact • TASKS: • PLAN TO DOCUMENT LONG-TERM IMPACT • PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF SUSTAINABILITY • IDENTIFY COMPONENTS THAT SHOULD BE REPLICATED • DISTRIBUTE FINDINGS OF IMPACT