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Networking Your Parish and School Site

Networking Your Parish and School Site. 3/24/04. Let’s talk about…. Warm-up exercises Demystifying networking technology Trends and new technologies Strategic importance of broadband Designing your network Things to do list Resources and references. 1. Warm-up Exercises.

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Networking Your Parish and School Site

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  1. Networking Your Parish and School Site 3/24/04

  2. Let’s talk about… • Warm-up exercises • Demystifying networking technology • Trends and new technologies • Strategic importance of broadband • Designing your network • Things to do list • Resources and references

  3. 1. Warm-up Exercises

  4. Warm-up Exercises • Goals for today • Introductions • Why a network? • An institutional network Networking Your Parish and School Site

  5. Goals for Today • Understand the basics of networking • Consider new trends and technologies • Be conversant in network design • Understand basics of leading an implementation or upgrade project Networking Your Parish and School Site

  6. Who Are You? • Please quickly let the rest of us know who you are, where you work, and possibly what a special networking challenge is for your location. • Also, let us know of any special goals you might have for today. Networking Your Parish and School Site

  7. Trend of Institutional Networks • Organizations are evolving their networks from isolated pockets of networking to single networks that span their institution—and sometimes go beyond. Networking Your Parish and School Site

  8. Why an Institutional Network? • Seamless ability to communicate • Single set of network resources • Single set of outside links • Avoids dialing out • Eases technology support burden Networking Your Parish and School Site

  9. Institutional Networks Evolution • Stand-alone PCs, dial-ups • Isolated “local area networks” (LANs) • Main buildings (parish office, school) • Campus (nearby buildings) • Remote buildings (WANs) Networking Your Parish and School Site

  10. 2. Demystifying Networking Technology

  11. Demystifying the Technology • How a PC is networked • Network hardware devices • Measuring network speed • Connection options • Domains and workgroups • Cabling basics • Management issues Networking Your Parish and School Site

  12. How a PC Is Networked Computer Room Desk Communications Closet Network Jack PC File Server Network Interface Card (NIC) Network Interface Card (NIC) Patch Panel Hub or Switch Hub or Switch Patch Cable Network Cabling Patch Cable Network Backbone

  13. Network Hardware Devices • Network interface card (NIC) • Hub - collects traffic • Switch - collects and selects path • Router - interfaces to another network • Bridge - connects segments • File server – holds shared files, etc. • Specialized devices (e.g., firewall) Networking Your Parish and School Site

  14. Measuring Transmission Speed • Bits per Second (bps or “baud) (e.g., 56,000 bps) • Kilobits per Second (kbps) (e.g., 56 kbps) • Megabits per Second (mbps) (e.g., 10 mbps - “Ethernet”) • Gigabits per Second (gbps) Networking Your Parish and School Site

  15. Internal Protocol Options • Ethernet 10 megabits per second (mbps) • Fast Ethernet 100 mbps • Gigabit Ethernet 1 gigabit per second (1,000 mbps) Networking Your Parish and School Site

  16. Domains and Workgroups • With the maturity of the Internet, “all the world’s a network”—but you need to partition off your part of it. • Most sites define one or more “domains” using MS Windows Server (i.e., NT, 2000, 2003) • Sites of up to 10 PCs can use Windows to define a “workgroup.”

  17. Cabling Components • Patch cable to jack • Jack and face plate • Network cable • Communications closet • Patch panel • Patch cable to switch Patch Panel Hub or Switch Communications Closet Networking Your Parish and School Site

  18. School Lab and Classroom Cabling • Desks aren’t by walls • Avoid cable on floor • Some solutions… • Cable in trays under tables • Poles from ceiling • Wireless Table Table Networking Your Parish and School Site

  19. Types of Cable Networking Your Parish and School Site

  20. Investing in Cabling • Cabling ideally supports both “voice” and “data” • Use of Category 5 cable (now 5e and 6) • Seek opportunities to start fresh • Cutting corners Patch Panel Hub or Switch Communications Closet

  21. Ongoing Management Issues • Selecting an internet service provider (ISP) • Selecting a network OS • MS Windows Server (e.g., 2003) • Novell Internetware • Network naming/numbering • TCP/IP and DHCP • IPX (Novell) Networking Your Parish and School Site

  22. The Ubiquitous TCP/IP Standard • Naming standard of the Internet • Provides “postal” address for both internal and worldwide devices • Uses now-familiar four part format (e.g., 123.456.798.111), and also… • Translates to allow use of names (e.g., archmil.org) rather than numbers • IDs on PCs usually private (non-unique) Networking Your Parish and School Site

  23. 3. Trends and New Technologies

  24. Trends and New Technologies • Wireless networking • Firewalls, filtering, and security issues • Voice over IP (VoIP) and telephony • Video conferencing and instructional video Networking Your Parish and School Site

  25. Hub or Switch Wireless in Your Local Network Office Network Jack • Cabling not needed Network Interface Card (NIC) Communications Closet Patch Panel

  26. Wireless PC Card Wireless Access Point Hub or Switch Wireless in Your Local Network Office • Cabling not needed • NIC now “wireless PC card” • Also need wireless access point (WAP) Communications Closet Patch Panel

  27. Why Local Wireless? • Movable devices • Upcoming moves • Stray devices in nearby buildings • Historic or hard-to-wire buildings • Consider speed requirements Networking Your Parish and School Site

  28. Building to Building “Fixed” Wireless • Spread spectrum can be used to connect buildings in your WAN. To ISP Main Building

  29. Wi-Fi “Mobile” Wireless LANs • “Wi-Fi” wireless is getting tremendous publicity • Not the answer for heavy WAN traffic, but… • Could connect stray PCs in nearby buildings.

  30. Wireless Standards * * Thanks to Linksys

  31. Firewalls, Filtering, Security • Threats and Remedies • Access Passwords, etc. • Viruses Anti-Virus Software • Intruders Firewall • Problem Content Content Filtering • Spam Spam Filters • Spyware Spyware Utilities

  32. Firewalls, Filtering, Security • Sophistication of solutions racing to keep up with sophistication of problems; vendors are impressive • But no panaceas yet • Solutions are being integrated (e.g., “security appliances”), and… • Software being married with hardware

  33. Voice over IP • Three telephone choices • Traditional switch/PBX • Voice over IP (VoIP) • Centrex • Voice mail • Telephony Networking Your Parish and School Site

  34. Voice over IP – Good News • Phone traffic goes over network, single cabling plant now serves both • Remote sites now easier to serve--and potentially much cheaper • PBX-like server sits on network • Vendors can grandfather in analog phones and cabling Networking Your Parish and School Site

  35. Voice over IP – Bad News • Vendor may be particular over cable, may prefer Cat-5e or Cat-6 to Cat-5 • Switches must support “quality of service” (e.g., prioritizing phone traffic), current switches may not work • VoIP should be cheaper--but not necessarily, and you may have to invest to gain ongoing savings Networking Your Parish and School Site

  36. Video Conferencing • Allows participants at each end to see, hear • Traditional method uses leased lines (e.g., ISDN, T1) • Newer techniques combine web casts for video and teleconferencing for audio • Conferencing over the Internet “not quite there” Networking Your Parish and School Site

  37. 4. Importance of Broadband Technology

  38. Broadband Technology Issues • The need for speed • DSL and cable modem access • Typical speeds Networking Your Parish and School Site

  39. The Need for Speed • The speed of dial-up modem connections has increased over the years to almost 56kb… • But that’s not enough for many parishes and schools

  40. Typical Speeds • Dial-up Modem 56 kbs • ISDN 128 kbs • DSL 256 to 640 kbs or more • Cable Modem 256 kbs to 1.5 mbs • T1 or DS1 1.5 megabits (mbs) • Wireless Ethernet 11 mbs? Networking Your Parish and School Site

  41. Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) • DSL is the phone company’s popular broadband offering • Speed is 256 to 640 kbs and up • Problem – you must be within a couple miles of the central office (CO)

  42. Cable Modem • Piggybacks over TV coaxial cable system • Most popular residential choice • Probably free to schools

  43. 5. Designing a Network for Your Site

  44. Designing Your Network • Network designs vary • Let’s look at various network components, considering… • Must-haves • Nice-to-haves • Emerging • And some sample networks

  45. Network Design Must-Haves • Collect traffic from devices • Establish a workgroup or domain • Issue IDs (e.g., TCP/IP) • Interface to the Internet • Route traffic to the Internet • Share files • Provide virus protection Networking Your Parish and School Site

  46. Network Design Nice-to-Haves • Host multi-user data systems • Secure using a firewall • Connect to remote buildings • Host your web site • Host an e-mail post office • Network printing and faxing Networking Your Parish and School Site

  47. Network Design - Emerging • Wireless networking • Voice over IP (VoIP) phone • Virtual private networking (VPN) • Content filtering Networking Your Parish and School Site

  48. Designing a Network • Let’s look at options for handling each of these functions and a recommended “best bet” • Then we’ll look at some ways these options can come together in sample networks Networking Your Parish and School Site

  49. Collect Traffic from Devices • Option 1 – Router • Option 2 – Hub(s) • Option 3 – Switch(es) • Best bet • Very small – Router • Somewhat small – Hub or switch • Otherwise – Switches Patch Panel Hub or Switch Communications Closet

  50. Workgroup or Domain • Option 1 – Workgroup using Windows and up to 10 PCs • Option 2 – Domain using central fileserver and Windows NT, 2000, or 2003 (or Novell) Server • Best bet • Small – Workgroup • Otherwise – Domain

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