A beginners guide to taking over the world…

1. A beginners guide to taking over the world… Setting: The 19th Century – Europe, Asia, Africa…and beyond

2. The First Steps… “INDIRECT” rule Attempt to preserve at least some elements of "old rule" What does it look like? Economic control [mercantilism] Political manipulation The THREAT of intervention Example…..

3. India pre-1857 Sepoy Mutiny Britain controlled its interests in India through the East India Company …why? Allowed the Company to bring economic riches back to Britain with no expensive admin costs Its own army offered protection Time, money and resources can be used elsewhere The Company pays the government for the right to trade there

4. “That’s not enough…what’s next?” A “Protectorate” Own internal government but controlled by outside force “Make it look like they’re in charge!” European governors “advise” local rulers on foreign policy, taxation, and military requirements Supposedly respects current political system and traditions Usually ends in fairly quick overthrow – resented too much to be accepted and weak enough to be removed Example…

5. Late 19th Century Vietnam A French Protectorate Removed natural emperor Ran the army Maintained ‘Advisory’ Councils on all political and economic matters

6. “OK…but I still need MORE control!” Direct Colonial Rule Indigenous peoples were only able to participate in low levels of government Little or NO local control allowed Indigenous restricted to the LOWEST levels of office and treated unequally European governors, officials, generals and politicians are ‘on the spot’ Usually NO remnants of local structures, culture, or traditions are left intact Example…

7. India post-1857 Sepoy Rebellion The ‘Raj’ directly ran over half of India Local Muslim, Hindu, and Sikh authorities were disregarded Before…

8. Indian Mogul Princes

9. After…

10. “I’ve changed my mind…” • “I don’t have the time, money, and resources to get that involved…how can I profit from another country…and easily?

11. “Spheres of Influence” • Special economic/political privileges in a region recognized by other nations • Can be economic, political, cultural • Other powerful countries recognize your right to special treaties and benefits that you enjoy with your weaker partner • As long as each powerful country has their own ‘sphere’ most are content • Example…

12. China – Economic • European powers start conflict… • Demand a favorable trade treaty as part of the peace terms… • And exploit Chinese resources and labor by establishing economic bases

13. Vietnam - Political • US wanted an anti-communist “sphere of influence” in SE Asia during the Cold War • Backed pro-West Diem for 9 years despite massive unpopularity • Why…?

15. Over to you… YOU are the head of a country that wants more power around the world YOU must decide which system is the BEST to pursue, and… YOU must come up with as many positive aspects about your chosen system and as many negatives about the other options to convince your government that you are making the right decision