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REWM 3500 Rangeland Plant Ecophysiology Monday, November 9, 2009

REWM 3500 Rangeland Plant Ecophysiology Monday, November 9, 2009. Plant-plant interactions Facilitation and Competition Models of resource competition Can plants sense presence of neighbors? What traits confer competitive success in arid and semiarid rangeland?

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REWM 3500 Rangeland Plant Ecophysiology Monday, November 9, 2009

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  1. REWM 3500 Rangeland Plant Ecophysiology Monday, November 9, 2009 • Plant-plant interactions • Facilitation and Competition • Models of resource competition • Can plants sense presence of neighbors? • What traits confer competitive success in arid and semiarid rangeland? • Interference competition (Allelopathy)

  2. Biotic interactions response sp-A sp-B Neutral 0 0 Mutualism + + Commensalism + 0 Amensalism - 0 Parasitism + - Herbivory + - Predation + - Competition - -

  3. Facilitation of neighboring plants Facilitation of Agave by Hilaria

  4. Facilitation of neighboring plants Hydraulic lift in Artemisia improves growth of neighbor plants

  5. Tilman (1988) model of resource competition

  6. Direct evidence of resource competition

  7. Can plants sense presence of other plants?

  8. Root-root communication and interference Mahall and Callaway 1991

  9. Root-root communication and interference Larrea roots growing into Ambrosia roots Ambrosia roots growing into Larrea roots Mahall and Callaway 1991

  10. Allelopathic compound released to soil may account for root-root interference

  11. Allelopathic compound leached from leaves of black walnut (Juglans niger)

  12. Bais et al. (2003) - Allelopathy in spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa)

  13. Terms and concepts to know: facilitation parasitism neutral interactions competition nurse plant resource competition interference competition (Allelopathy) relative growth rate Grime and Tilman models of competition R/FR light ratios

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