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Social Research

Social Research. Nonscientific Sources of Knowledge. Intuition Common sense Authority Tradition. Criteria For a Cause-and-effect Relationship. Change in independent variable must be associated with a change in dependent variable.

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Social Research

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  1. Social Research

  2. Nonscientific Sources of Knowledge • Intuition • Common sense • Authority • Tradition

  3. Criteria For a Cause-and-effect Relationship • Change in independent variable must be associated with a change in dependent variable. • The correlation must not be due to the effects of a third variable. • The independent variable must always occur before the dependent variable.

  4. Surveys • Can draw on large samples • Quantitative • Include many variables • Relatively precise • Permit the comparison of responses.

  5. Precollected data • Permits high quality research. • Low cost • Reveals changes in variables over an extended period of time.

  6. Positive and Negative Correlations

  7. Mode, Mean, and Median of Salaries

  8. Research Methods: Surveys

  9. Research Methods: Surveys

  10. Research Methods: Secondary analysis

  11. Research Methods: Secondary analysis

  12. Research Methods: Experiment

  13. Research Methods: Experiment

  14. Research Methods:Case Study

  15. Research Methods:Case Study

  16. Steps in the Research model • Identifying the problem. • Reviewing the literature. • Formulating hypotheses. • Developing a research design. • Collecting data. • Analyzing data. • Stating findings and conclusions.

  17. Ethics and Sociological Research • Sociologists are committed to: • Objectivity • Highest technical research standards • Accurate reporting of their methods and findings • Protection of the rights, privacy, integrity, dignity, and autonomy of the subjects of their research.

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