One Size Does Not Fit All: An Introduction to Differentiated Instruction

1. One Size Does Not Fit All:An Introduction toDifferentiated Instruction Workshop 1 Facilitated By Sara Fridley & Kathleen West Region 3 Education Service Agency sara.fridley@k12.sd.us kathleen.a.west@k12.sd.us

2. Take Care of Business • Introductions • Expectations of Trainers • Credit • Service Agreements

3. Workshop Outcomes • Increased understanding of what Differentiated Instruction IS & IS NOT • Add to our Instructional Strategies Toolbox • Increased understanding of theories of multiple intelligence/learning styles • Begin planning a differentiated lesson/unit for your own classroom

4. Essential Question • What are we preparing students to do?

5. What Differentiation IS NOT . . . • The same as individualization • Just another way to group kids • Expecting less of struggling learners than of typical learners • A substitute for specialized services • Chaotic • New

6. What Good Differentiation IS . . . • Varied avenues to content, process, product • Respectful of all learners • Proactive • Student-centered • A blend of whole class, small group, and individual instruction • Based on students’ readiness, interests, and/or learning profile

7. “Currently, students are required to adapt . . . to the prevalent teaching practices and instructional materials and assessment instruments. Those who can’t adapt are viewed as being deficient in their ability to learn.” - Marie Carbo, Educating Everybody’s Children

8. Essential Question • What contextual issues impact and influence curriculum and instruction?

9. 3 Key Ways to Differentiate Instruction • Process • Activities • Calls on students to use key skills • Content • What we teach students • Materials and methods used • Product • How students show what they have learned • Should also allow students to extend what they learned

10. Key #1 – Adapt Process • Students use key skills • Bloom’s Taxonomy • Multiple Intelligence Theories • Common focus • Vary student activities • Teacher uses a variety of methods

11. Process Differentiation Examples • Tiered Assignments • Layered Curriculum (Nunley) • Learning Centers • Interactive Journals • Jig Saw Assignments • Learning Logs • Graphic Organizers

12. Key #2 – Adapt Content • Refers to both materials & methods • Accommodate students’ different starting points • Some students ready for more complex or abstract levels • Some students ready for independent work

13. Content Differentiation Examples • Multiple texts • Interest centers • Learning contracts • Support systems • Audiotapes • Mentors • Study partners

14. Key #3 – Adapt Product • Culminating learning experience that occurs after many days or weeks of study • Demonstration and extension of what they know, understand, and are able to do

15. Product Differentiation Examples • Variety of assessment types • Tiered Assignments • Independent Study

16. TIME FOR A BREAK • Questions On the Wall • Use your envelope to write any question you might have for the group on any curriculum design or classroom management topic. • Make sure your name is on the flap!

17. Variables to Consider • Readiness – in reading, math, & beyond • Complexity & Challenge of both process & product • Pace of learning and production • Grouping practices • Use of assessment results to inform teaching and learning

18. Principles to Guide Differentiated Classrooms • Focus on essentials • Attend to student differences • Assess often and use it to make adjustments/modifications • Mutual respect • Be flexible • Doesn’t happen 100% of the time!!!!

19. Simple Ways to Start • Add an interdisciplinary element to a favorite unit • Collaborate with other teachers • Offer students a variety of presentation options • Apply Multiple Intelligence thinking to group/individual projects

20. A Few Fun Strategies Teach In Color! Lefties Rule!

21. Color Increases Understanding • Using color for key concepts can increase memory retention up to 25%

22. Teach in Color • Color with Sunshine • Colored Acetate • Number chart • Sliding mask • Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome • Highlight grammar • Painted Essay

23. The Painted Essay

24. Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome • Contrast problems (only 1 symptom) • Strategies • Use dull colored paper for writing • Use colored acetate over black text on white paper • Use a bookmark when reading to avoid losing place • http://www.hale.ndo.co.uk/scotopic/ • http://www.irlen.com/sss_main.htm

25. Left Handed – In a Right Handed World • One person in 10 is left handed • Hand preference is evident by age 5 • Most common items/tools are designed for right handed people • Scissors • Rulers • Musical instruments

26. Time For Lunch Come back at 1:00

27. Multiple Intelligences Begin With the Brain

28. Simple Learning Styles • Auditory • Learns best from listening • Visual • Learns best from seeing • Kinesthetic/Tactile • Learns best from doing

29. Logical/Mathematical Visual/Spatial Musical/Rhythmic Bodily/Kinesthetic Naturalist Interpersonal Intrapersonal Verbal/Linguistic Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences

30. Sternberg Intelligences • Analytical • Practical • Creative

31. Watch the ASCD Video

32. TIME FOR A BREAK • Questions On the Wall • Share your experience & expertise with your peers • Use your index cards and share any idea for any question on the wall

33. Writing an Intelligence Preference Activity • As a result of the lesson, students should • Know what? • Understand what? • Be able to do what? • What range of learner needs in your class relate to the topic?

34. Assignments for February • Try a new strategy & report back to the group • Begin the planning process for a lesson using intelligence preference • Bring your lesson materials to use

35. Resources • www.sdesa.org • Click on Region 3, Resources, Teacher • www.ascd.org • http://www.thirteen.org/edonline/concept2class/ • Variety of online topics • Assessment & Curriculum Redesign • Constructivism • Multiple Intelligences