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Chapter 11: Baroque and Rocco. 11.1The Baroque in Italy and Germany. Bernini,Ectasy of Saint Theresa, 1645. Rome. Carravagio, The supper at Emmaus. 1597. Carravagio, Deposition of Christ 1602.
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n summary, Judith, a beautiful widow and chosen by God, has used her charms to enter the tent of Holofernes, an Assyrian general out to destroy Judith's hometown. Overcome with drink, he passes out and is decapitated by Judith; his head is taken away in a basket (often carried by an elderly female servant). Artists have mainly chosen one of two possible scenes (with or without the servant): the decapitation, with Holofernes prone on the bed, or the heroine holding or carrying the head.In European art, Judith is normally accompanied by her maid at her shoulder, which helps to distinguish her from Salome, who also carries her victim's head on a silver charger (plate). However, a Northern tradition developed whereby Judith had both a maid and a charger, famously taken by Erwin Panofsky as an example of the knowledge needed in the study of iconography.For many artists as well as scholars, Judith was a character whose sexualized femininity interestingly and sometimes contradictorily combined with her masculine aggression. Judith was one of the virtuous women whom Van Beverwijck mentioned in his published apology (1639) for the superiority of women to men,[1] and a common example of the Power of Women iconographic theme in the Northern Renaissance.[edit] Artemesia Gentelischi, Judith and the Maidservant with the head of Holofernes 1625
The façade was added to St. Peter’s cathedral after Michelangelo had worked on the structure
L: Poussin. Rape of the Sabine Women 1634 R: Holy Family on the Steps 1648
Jacob van Ruisdael. The Mill at Wijk by Durstede. (not dated)
Heem, Cornelis de - Vanitas Still-Life with Musical Instruments - after 1661
Vermeer. Woman holding a Balance. 1664 Allegory of the Art of Painting. 1665-72
Rembrandt. The Shooting Company of Captain Frans Banning Cocq(Night Watch). 1642