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The Impact of Euro p e an Explo r at i on & Col o nizat i on

The Impact of Euro p e an Explo r at i on & Col o nizat i on. The Impact of Euro p e an Explo r at i on & Col o nizat i on. First E u ropea n s to sail to Aust r al i a were t h e Dutch (Netherlands) in 1606, b ut t h ey did n ’t set t le there.

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The Impact of Euro p e an Explo r at i on & Col o nizat i on

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  1. TheImpactofEuropean Exploration&Colonization

  2. TheImpactofEuropean Exploration&Colonization

  3. FirstEuropeanstosailtoAustralia weretheDutch(Netherlands)in1606,buttheydidn’tsettlethere. • TheDutchmadeonelanding,wereattackedbyAborigines,andthenabandonedfurtherexploration.

  4. In1770,CaptainJamesCooksailedaroundAustralia. • Cooknamedthearea“NewSouth • Wales”. • HeignoredtheAborigineslivingthere&claimedthelandforEngland. • Sailorsalsomappedthecoastof • easternAustralia &Tasmania.

  5. TheroutesofCaptainJamesCook'svoyages.Thefirstvoyageisshowninred,secondvoyageingreen:andthirdTheroutesofCaptainJamesCook'svoyages.Thefirstvoyageisshowninred,secondvoyageingreen:andthird voyageinblue.Theroute ofCook'screwfollowinghisdeathisshow nasadashedblueline.

  6. TheAmericanRevolutionforcedtheBritishtostopsendingprisonerstoGeorgia(usedasapenalcolonyatthetime).TheAmericanRevolutionforcedtheBritishtostopsendingprisonerstoGeorgia(usedasapenalcolonyatthetime). • GreatBritainhadtostartlookingfor • anotherplacetosenditsprisoners… • Australiaseemedlikeagoodchoice:nochanceofescape, nocoloniesaroundit,andveryfewindigenouspeoplelivedthere.

  7. In1787,Britishshipscalledthe“FirstFleet”leftEnglandwithconvictstoestablishaprisoncolony.In1787,Britishshipscalledthe“FirstFleet”leftEnglandwithconvictstoestablishaprisoncolony. • In1788,Britishprisonerssettledin • Australia.

  8. First Fleet–Oneof11Ships

  9. From1788to1832,NewSouthWaleswasofficiallyapenal(prison)colonyconsistingmainlyofconvicts,marines(guards),andthemarines’families.From1788to1832,NewSouthWaleswasofficiallyapenal(prison)colonyconsistingmainlyofconvicts,marines(guards),andthemarines’families. • Only20%ofthefirstconvictswerewomen. • TheBritishtransportedprisonerstoAustraliauntil1868. • Bythistime,manyfreeimmigrantswerealsosettlingthere. • Theybuiltbusinesses,tradingposts,farms,etc.

  10. From1833untilthe1850s,itwasthedestinationforthehardestofconvictedBritishandIrishcriminals--thosewhoweresecondaryoffendershavingre-offendedaftertheirarrivalin Australia. • Inaddition,PortArthurhadsomeofthestrictest • securitymeasuresoftheBritishpenalsystem. • Sometalessuggestthatprisonerscommittedmurder(anoffensepunishablebydeath)justtoescapethedesolationoflifeatthecamp. • TheIslandoftheDeadwasthedestinationfor allwhodiedinsidetheprisoncamps.

  11. IslandoftheDead

  12. GreatBritainsawthatAustraliawasagoodlocationtobaseitsnavyintheSouthPacificOcean.GreatBritainsawthatAustraliawasagoodlocationtobaseitsnavyintheSouthPacificOcean. • ItslocationwouldmakeitpossibleforBritishshipstomakerepairs&getsupplies. • AustraliaalsohadmanyopportunitiesfortradewithAsiaandtheAmericas.

  13. Non-prisonercolonizationcontinued… • Themajorcoastalsettlementssoonbecame7 • independentcolonies. • In1861,governmentofficialscreatedboundariesforthecoloniesthatarestillinplacetoday. • OnJanuary1,1901,theCommonwealthof • Australia wasestablished. • Melbourneservedasthenationalcapital • untilCanberrawascompletedin1927

  14. t-L rv SCJUTHAUSTilAJ!...CA QUNSL! WBS'IBRN NJS'ifIl.11\L.TA 1901

  15. Originally,Australiapromotedapolicycalled“WhiteAustralia”.Originally,Australiapromotedapolicycalled“WhiteAustralia”. • Theywouldnotallownon-Caucasians toimmigrate • toAustralia. • Thathassincechanged… • ImmigrationRestrictionActof1901:restrictedmigrationtopeopleprimarilyofEuropeandescent • ThiswasdismantledafterWorld WarII. • Today,Australiahasaglobal,non-discriminatory policyandishometopeoplefrommorethan200countries.

  16. AboriginesarethenativepeopleofAustralia. • Theyhavegonethroughstagesofbeingconqueredandhavingtheirlandstaken. • EuropeansettlersoftenseparatedAboriginesfromsociety. • Somewereremovedfromtheirfamilies • andplacedintoinstitutions. • Otherswerekilledbecausetheywere • seen as a “nuisance”.

  17. AboriginalDwellings-1923

  18. Inthe1830s,remnantsofthetribesinthe settledareasweremovedontoreserves. • Theywereforbiddenfromteachingtheir • childrentheirownlanguageandcustoms. • Duringthe1900s,separationwasan officialgovernmentpolicywhichlastedformanydecades. • Today,manyAboriginalpeopledonotknowtheirorigins:whichtribetheyaredescendedfromorthenamesoftheir parentsandorgrandparents. • Theyare alostgeneration.

  19. In1967:Australia’sfederalgovernmentbegan topass legislationtohelptheAborigines. • Itwaswidelyseen asaffirmationoftheAustralianpeople’swishtoseeitsgovernmenttakedirectactiontoimprovethelivingconditionsofAborigines. • Inthatsameyear,strikingAboriginal farmerschangedpoliticalhistorybyextendingademandforequalwagestoadeclarationoftheirrightsofownershipoftraditionallands. • ThisbecameoneofAustralia’sfirstsuccessfulland claims • byitsindigenous people.

  20. In1986,theAustralia Actseveredalllegalties • withtheBritishEmpire. • Today,Australiais a parliamentarydemocracy(constitutionalmonarchy)withElizabethII asqueen. • 1999:55%ofvotersrejectedtheideaof becoming an independentrepublic.

  21. Brisbane

  22. ParliamentHouse-Canberra

  23. Besureall10datesarewrittenonyour • timeline. • Labeleachevent—makeitshortandsweet(youdon’thavetousecompletesentences). • Drawa simpleillustrationtoaccompany • atleastsevenoftheevents. • Usethinmarkersorcoloredpencilstomakeyourtimelinecolorfulandcreative.

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