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Site Characterization and Analysis

Site Characterization and Analysis. Terminal Learning Objective. ACTION: Conduct Site Characterization CONDITION: Given an Environmental Site scenario, personnel protective equipment and criteria for conducting an assessment using detection and monitoring techniques IAW OSHA regulations.

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Site Characterization and Analysis

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  1. Site Characterization and Analysis

  2. Terminal Learning Objective • ACTION: Conduct Site Characterization • CONDITION: Given an Environmental Site scenario, personnel protective equipment and criteria for conducting an assessment using detection and monitoring techniques IAW OSHA regulations. • STANDARD: Identify environmental hazards with a minimum of 80% accuracy

  3. Enabling Learning Objectives • Identify the 8 components of site characterization and analysis • Identify the three phases of Site Characterization • Identify potential common site hazards during initial site entry • Identify required information employer must provide to employee prior to site entry • Identify when site monitoring is required • Identify common risks associated with site hazards • Identify elements and purpose of a site control program • Identify clues used to identify the presence of hazardous materials during a site characterization

  4. Site Characterization and Analysis What is it? • Evaluation • Hazard Identification • Required Employee Information • Personal protective equipment • Monitoring • Risk Identification • Employee Notification • Site Control

  5. The 8 areas tie in the following programs: • Site Control • Safety Plan • Monitoring • Medical

  6. Site Characterization and Analysis • Site Evaluation (Phases) • Preliminary, prior to entry • Records search • Initial site entry • Continual updating • Monitoring • Evaluation

  7. Site Characterization and Analysis • Hazard Identification. Completes assessment of potential hazards prior to start of work Includes: • Confined space • Explosive • Hazardous energy • Flammable • Slip, trips, falls • Visible vapor clouds • Bio indicators Hazard Identification feeds Risk Identification

  8. Site Characterization and Analysis • Required Information to Employee “The following information to the extent available shall be obtained by the employer prior to allowing employee to enter the site”: • Location and size of site • Description of activity • Task/purpose • Duration of activity • Stay times/recycle • Site topography • Safety and health hazards • Emergency response capabilities • Hazardous substances Data feeds Safety Plan & vice versa Data grows with each entry

  9. Site Characterization and Analysis • Personnel protective equipment • Based on preliminary site evaluation • Protect against known and suspected hazards • If positive pressure SCBA not used as part of initial entry, and if respiratory protection is warranted by potential hazards, an escape SCBA of at least 5 mins must be carried • If all hazards not known, Level B is minimum • Once all hazards ID’ed, PPE can be adjusted Feeds Safety Plan

  10. Site Characterization and Analysis • Monitoring • During site entry when potential for radiation or IDLH environment exists • Continual when: • Ionizing radiation present • IDLH environment present • Potential for IDLH environment • Ongoing program IAW 29CFR1910.120 paragraph (h) after characterization has determined site safe for start up of operations

  11. Site Characterization and Analysis • Risk Identification • Once specific hazards are established, the risks involved are identified (not all inclusive): • Exposures exceeding the permissible exposure limits and published exposure levels • IDLH concentrations • Potential skin absorption and irritation sources • Potential eye irritation sources • Explosion sensitivity and flammability ranges • Oxygen deficiency Hazard Identification feeds Risk Identification

  12. Site Characterization and Analysis 7. Employee notification • Any information of known or unknown shall be made available 8. Site Control • Program: Controls employee exposure to hazardous substances • Elements: • Site Map • Work Zones • Buddy system • Site Communications Ties in w/safety plan and work plan

  13. Check on Learning

  14. Site Characterization And Analysis What is it? • Evaluation • Hazard Identification • Required Employee Information • Personal protective equipment • Monitoring • Risk Identification • Employee Notification • Site Control How to do it

  15. Site Accident Preliminary Evaluation Mission Complete Record search Monitoring Program Site Control Program Site Safety Plan Hazard Identification Work Plan Hazard Mitigation PPE Selection Initial Site Entry & Monitoring ID Hazards/Risks

  16. Record search Preliminary Evaluation Preliminary Evaluation • Determination of potential hazards based on the development of a site history through the use of printed documentation, maps, and photographs. • Places where documentation can be researched are as follows: • County Court House • Utility, Phone Companies • Library • Local Police Force • Health Department • Neighbors • Former Employees • U.S. Geological Survey

  17. Preliminary Evaluation • Information may include: • Permits, License and Deeds • Previous land (or structure) occupancy and use • Products manufactured, used or stored on the site • Geological data regarding soil and groundwater conditions • Information regarding the surrounding area e.g. aerial, ground photographs, topography etc… • Accessibility

  18. Hazard Identification Initial Site Entry & Monitoring ID Hazards/Risks Identification Of Hazards • INFORMATION RESOURCES • PLACARDS • LABELS • UN ID Numbers • NFPA 704 • HMIS • HMIG • CONTAINER SHAPES • SENSES Site Safety Plan Site Control Program Monitoring Program PPE Selection

  19. Information Resources • Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) • Shipping Papers • Facility Papers • CHEMTREC • PEAC

  20. 2 1 3 _ W 4 NFPA 704 Colors and Their Meanings 1. Blue = Health 2. Red = Flammability 3. Yellow = Reactivity 4. White = Special

  21. HMIS / HMIG • Hazardous Material Identification System • Hazardous Material Identification Guide • 4 hazard principles • 5 degrees of hazards • Alphabetical designations for PPE

  22. Placards and Labels

  23. Placards • Placed on transport vehicles • Can provide recognition and general hazard classification. • Colored background • Respected hazard class symbol • Hazard class / division number • Four digit identification number

  24. Labels • Labels are the responsibility of the shipper and • Are warnings to handle with care, • Provide guidance for storage, • Provide guidance for proper placards to be used, • Must be affixed to package.

  25. Hazard Classification System • CLASS 1 = EXPLOSIVES • CLASS 2 = GASES • CLASS 3 = FLAMMABLE & COMBUSTBLE LIQUIDS • CLASS 4 = FLAMMABLE SOLIDS • CLASS 5 = OXIDIZERS AND ORGANIC PEROXIDES • CLASS 6 = TOXIC MATERIALS • CLASS 7 = RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS • CLASS 8 = CORROSIVE MATERIALS • CLASS 9 = MISCELLANEOUS DANGEROUS GOODS

  26. Class 1 Explosives1.1 – 1.6 • Mass explosion that affects almost the entire load • Black powder • Dynamite • T-N-T • Blasting caps • Nitroglycerin

  27. Class 2 Gases2.1 Flammable Gas2.2 Non Flammable Gas2.3 Poisonous by Inhalation (PIH) 2.1 • Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) < 13% • Flammable Range (FR) > 12% • Ethylene Oxide • Butadiene • Isobutane • Propylene • Methane 2.2 • Non-liquefied Compressed Gas: • Gaseous at 68°F and charge pressure • Liquefied Compressed Gas: • Gas which is partially liquid at 68°F and charge pressure 2.3 • “Known to be so toxic to humans as to pose a hazard during transportation” • LC50 of 5,000 ml/m3 (ppm) or less • Four hazard zones • Examples: methyl bromide, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, phosgene

  28. Class 3: Flammable Liquids • Flammable Liquid • Flash Point < 141°F • Combustible Liquid • 141°F < Flash Point < 200°F

  29. Class 44.1 Flammable Solids4.2 Spontaneously Combustible 4.3 Dangerous When Wet 4.1 • Wetted explosives • Self-reactive materials • Readily combustible solids 4.2 • Pyrophoric Materials (liquid or solid) • if contact air, ignites in less than 5 minutes • Self-heating Materials • if contact air, self-heat • Examples: phosphorous, carbon black, charcoal, sodium borohydride 4.3 • When in contact with Water • becomes spontaneously flammable • gives off flammable gas • gives off toxic gas • Examples: lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium carbide

  30. Class 5 Oxidizers5.1 Oxidizers 5.2 Organic Peroxides • Materials that may, generally by yielding oxygen, cause or enhance the combustion of other materials. 5.1 Oxidizers 5.2 Organic Peroxides

  31. Class 6 Toxic6.1 Poisons 6.2 Etiologics 6.1 • Toxic to humans • Health hazard during transport • Presumed toxic (based on animals) • ORAL TOXICITY: LD50< 500 mg/kg (l) LD50< 200 mg/kg (s) • DERMAL TOXICITY: LD50< 1,000 mg/kg • VAPOR (and DUST) TOXICITY : LC50< 10mg/L • Examples: phenol, nitrobenzene, hydrogen cyanide 6.2 • Infectious substance or etiologic • Diagnostic specimens • Biological products • Regulated medical waste • Examples: ebola virus, hemorrhagic fever agents, hepatitis A & B, botulism toxin

  32. Class 7 Radioactive • Major Hazard: Radioactive poisonous burns • Definition: Materials having a specific activity greater than 0.002 microcurie per gram. RADIOACTIVE

  33. Class 8 Corrosive • White top • Black bottom • Test tubes • Hand and steel bar

  34. Class 9 Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials • A material that presents a hazard during transport, but that is not included in another hazard class

  35. Mixed Load Applies to placarding only Required when 1001 lbs or more of material is transported and it is composed of 2 or more hazard categories. Replaces the specific placards for the individual classes. Exception is when one single class in a multiple class transport exceeds 5000 lbs, in which case the placard for the large load class must be displayed.

  36. Other Regulated Materials (ORM-D) • A material that presents a limited hazard during transportation due to its • Form • Quantity • Packaging • No placard

  37. Typical Container Shapes That May Indicate Hazardous Materials

  38. Bags Folded and Glued Twisted and Tied Stitched Bottles Glass Protected Plastic

  39. Boxes Fiberboard Wooden Divided Fiberboard

  40. Non-bulk Packages • Drums • Construction Materials • Fiberboard • Metal • Plastic • Openings • Open head, chime / bolt ring • Tight or closed head, bung & inspection holes

  41. Non-bulk Packages • Carboys • Glass or plastic bottle • Enclosed in protective “box” • Dewar • Thermos/insulated • Cryogenic liquids • Bottles & Cans • Bottles, coated bottles • Cans, Jerricans

  42. Radioactive Packaging • Limit Quantity Packaging • Strong Tight • Type A • Type B • Special Form • Industrial Radiography Sources

  43. Limited Quantity • Very small surface exposure • Normal industrial packaging • Not typically labeled • Examples include: • Luminous watch dials • Smoke detectors • Medical diagnostic kits

  44. Strong Tight • Used for Low Specific Activity (LSA) • Marked “RADIOACTIVE LSA” • Essentially Type A containers

  45. Type A Packing • Larger amounts of LSA • Labeled “RADIOACTIVE” • Normal transportation

  46. Type B Packaging • Highly radioactive material • Labeled as Type B and “RADIOACTIVE” • Normal transportation conditions • Accident conditions

  47. Bulk Containers • Cargo Tanks • MC 306 / DOT 406 • MC 307 / DOT 407 • MC 312 / DOT 412 • MC 331 • MC 338 • Bulk Handlers • Tube Trailers

  48. MC 306(DOT 406) Large Oval Ends Underbelly Outlets Longitudinal rollover protection Manhole assembly located on top Pressures up to 4 psig

  49. MC 307(DOT 407) Single Work Platform Rounded Ends • “General Service Tank” • Poisons • Mild corrosives • Flammable & combustible liquids • Asphalt • Non-hazardous materials Single Outlet Piping 25 psig+ Working Pressure

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