巧用构词法原则帮助解答阅读理解中的猜测词义题

巧用构词法原则帮助解答 阅读理解中的猜测词义题英语组陈跃辉

able unable; teach teacher space+ship spaceship visit v. visit n. Do it yourself. DIY 构词法派生法（Derivation）合成法(Compounding) 转化法（Conversion）缩略法（Abbreviation）

否定前缀 一、派生法（Derivation）由词根(root)加前缀（prefix）或后缀（suffix）构成新词。 un- understand polite smoker agree fair visible dis- in- im- mis- non-

Some important prefixes: Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Do you sometimes oversleep? 1. over- : too much overwork , overeat The trains are ____________ on Friday evenings. (crowded) overcrowded above sth; across overcoat, overhead

He enlarged his vocabulary by reading widely. 2.en-动词前缀 enable, endanger, Reading can______ your life.(rich) enrich

sharpen v. sharp adj. strength __________________ bright _____________ Some important suffixes: -ment, -ion, -ness, -tion, -ful, -able, -less, -en等 sharpen a pencil strengthen brighten

With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence.(2003NMET) 无条件的，绝对的 unconditional: nonjudgmental: 没有判断力的

二、合成法（Compounding） 把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词。 highway waiting-room kind-hearted

For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. 生死攸关的

Down-to-earth spirit is a necessity. Sharp words from a teacher can usually bring a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. honest or practical 实事求是，脚踏实地

Her name was Rachel, and I mooned my way through the grade and high school, stricken at the mere sight of her, tongue-tied in her presence. …At any rate, my love for Rachel remained without result. We graduated from high school, she went on to college, and I joined the Army. I was sent overseas during the war. For a time we wrote, and her letters werethe highlight of those terrible endless years. tongue-tied overseas highlight

He is a man with broad shoulders. We will shoulder the responsibilities at any time. 三、转化法（ Conversion ）由一种词性转化为另一种词性的词。 n. v. take/bear

So when someone has hurt you, calm yourself first. Take a couple of breaths, and think of something that gives you pleasure…Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean accepting the action of the person who upsets you.(2004NMET) hurt calm upsets

Never troubletrouble until troubletroubles you.

四、缩略法（Abbreviation ） Digital Video DV MVP SOS WWW Most Valuable Player Save Our Ship World Wide Web

1…It would be easy for someone to mispresent himself on line because you can’t see him. Thus someone who says that “she is a 12-year-old girl.”could really be an old man. What does the word “mispresent ” mean? • Making a wrong judgment about • Understanding somebody wrongly • Giving a wrong description of • Forming a wrong opinion about mis- sth. is done wrong or badly present vt. describe

2….The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full. And a special piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclables. The word “nonrecyclables” probably means? • nonrecycling papers • things that can not be recycled • anything can be recycled • recyclable things recycle v.使再循环，回收利用 recyclable adj.可回收利用的 nonrecyclable n.不能回收利用的东西

3…. Another myth about eyes is that they can betransplanted. It is quite difficult to connect an eyeball to a new brain… The word “transplant” probably means? • To transport from one place to another • To translate from one part to another • To move from one part of the body to another • To change one form to another. trans-change transplant 移植 transport运输，交通

4….My teenage son Karl became withdrawn after his father died. As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him, but the more I tried, the more he pulled away.(2004 NMET) with- draw back withdrawn 退缩，（在社交场合或情绪方面）变得冷漠 • preferred to stay alone at home • lost interest in his studies • refused to talk to others • began to dislike his mother By saying “Karl became withdrawn” , the author means that the boy changed entirely and _________.

When we deal with the problems in reading comprehension, we can use Word Formation to help us, but the context(上下文，语境)is also very important.

Thank you!

巧用构词法原则帮助解答 阅读理解中的猜测词义题