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Vowel Phonemes in English and Bahasa Melayu. Supplementary materials for the course: Reading in English for Young Learners in Malaysia for TELL2. ‘Long’ and ‘Short’ Letter Sounds. The ‘short’ sound is NOT like the letter name.
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Vowel Phonemes in English and Bahasa Melayu Supplementary materials for the course: Reading in English for Young Learners in Malaysia for TELL2
‘Long’ and ‘Short’ Letter Sounds The ‘short’ sound is NOT like the letter name. The ‘long’ sound is like the letter name, and may be a long vowel or actually a diphthong.
English “Long ‘a’ ”, “Short ‘a’ ” Long ‘a’ diphthong Sounds like the letter name ant /æ/ a-e a ai ay a /eɪ/ tray baby tape snail Short ‘a’:
Bahasa Melayu: ‘a’ ar a car banana /ɑ:/ Sounds like the other English letter ‘a’
English “Long ‘e’ ”, “Short ‘e’ ” bread bed /e/ ea e ey e y ee ea “Long ‘e’ ” sounds like the letter name. /i:/ me key pony tree beach “Short ‘e’ ” Forget-me-not
Bahasa Melayu: ‘e’ There are two phonemes for ‘e’: the sounds/ə/ and /e/ bread bed /e/ ea e English “Short ‘e’ ” is the same as one of the BM ‘e’ s.
Bahasa Melayu: ‘i’ ea e ee ey y /i:/ me key pony tree beach English “Long ‘e’ ” is the same as the BM ‘i’ Forget-me-not
English “Long ‘i’ ”, “Short ‘i’ ” Long ‘i’: diphthong Sounds like the letter name rocket tin /ı/ i-e igh y i i e /ɑı/ light fly kite tiger Short ‘i’:
English “Long ‘o’ ”, “Short ‘o’ ” Long ‘o’: diphthong Sounds like the letter name frog swan /ɒ/ wa ow ew o-e oa o o /əʊ/ go note snow sew boat Short ‘o’:
Bahasa Melayu: ‘o’ frog swan /ɒ/ o wa Sounds like English “Short ‘o’ ”
English “Long ‘u’ ”, “Short ‘u’ ” Long ‘u’: diphthong Sounds like the letter name oo ew ue o u /u:/ /ʌ/ bus glove Short ‘u’: glue moon screw
Bahasa Melayu: ‘u’ oo u book bull /ʊ/ In English, it’s another kind of “Short ‘u’ ”.
another English Vowel Sound au aw oor or a /ɔ:/ fork ball sauce saw door It’s like a lengthened “Short ‘o’ ”
(other) English Diphthongs (1) our ure ur square hair /ɪə/ moor deer ear tourist cure jury /ʊə/ /eə/ oor are air eer ear
(other) English Diphthongs (2) coin toy cow house /ɑʊ/ /ɔı/ ow oy ou oi
The Long ‘er’ This is similar to the second ‘e’ phoneme in BM. In English it is found in stressed syllables and words with one syllable. ir er or ur /ɜ:/ fern worm shirt fur
The Schwa In an unstressed syllable the vowel sound is often replaced by ‘schwa’. It is shorter than the similar BM sound. ure ar o e or er a u i doctor teacher collar measure /ə/ garden circus zebra fossil lion