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Hard Disk Drive Design

Hard Disk Drive Design. By Daniel Ofori-Darko. What is a Hard Drive?. Hard Drive (HDD): Device located in a computer tower/case that stores and retrieves program files and data files; also known as the C:drive. . History of the HDD. Computer Tower.

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Hard Disk Drive Design

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  1. Hard Disk Drive Design By Daniel Ofori-Darko

  2. What is a Hard Drive? Hard Drive (HDD): Device located in a computer tower/case that stores and retrieves program files and data files; also known as the C:drive. History of the HDD Computer Tower - Developed by IBM in order to create random access files; with high capacity and random access to data. - In 1956 it was commercialized; the IBM 305 RAMAC

  3. How does it work? • - Platter holds magnetic medium • - Magnetic recording material is layered onto aluminum or glass disc, the platter is then polished to a mirror-like surface • - Magnetic head on the actuator arm glides over the disk to read/write • - Controller electronics attached to the side control the read/write mechanism and the motor that provides the spin

  4. Connection to PC & etc • - Using the OS (Linux, Windows, Mac), the microprocessor (CPU) requests a file at the activation of a program • - Motherboard has everything connected and contains basic software; helps transfer command. • - That command is sent to the HDD, which finds the data, and simultaneously sends it to allow reading and writing of data.

  5. How it works : Information Processing • Information on the hard disk is in small magnetic domains; possible due to precision of platter and speed of medium • Data that is stored on the HDD is stored in files (strings of bytes), when a program running requests a file, the arm of the HDD retrieves those exact bytes and sends them to the CPU at the same time. • Electronics also assemble the magnetic domains into bytes for reading, and turn them back to domains for writing.

  6. Typical Specifications • Capacity: # of bytes a HDD contains, started with 5MB, can now be up to 4TB as of 2012. • - 1TB = 1000GB, 1GB = 1000MB, 1MB = 1000KB, etc • Data Rate: # of bytes/second to deliver to CPU, typically 5-40 MB/s. • Seek Time: Time between CPU’s request & send time, often 10-20 milliseconds. • Size of HDD is commonly 3.5 inches in desktops, and 2.5 inches in laptops.

  7. Future Trends New Features - Actuator head could land on a special area, External HDD using USB connection, Changes - Byte Capacity, weight, aesthetics, faster data rate and seek time, Goals - Surpass 5TB barrier (density), heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR); enables different use of materials as the magnetic storage media, faster data rate and seek time, shrink in disk size, Areal density (AD); more bytes per inch without HDD destruction, idle usage (conservation).

  8. Additional Info Price as of 2013 - $1.3 per GB Leading Manufacturers/Products - Seagate, Toshiba, Western Digital - Churning Sound: As the arm of the HDD moves back and forth rapidly, it sets vibrations that our ears hear as sounds. - Similar to how a speaker works, which moves a lightweight cone back and forth hundreds of times per second to generate sound.

  9. References • Pcworld/com/article/127105/article.html • http://windows.microsoft.com/en-ca/windows/computer-parts#1TC=windows-7 • http://computer.howstuffworks.com/hard-disk.htm • http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/audio-music/cassette.htm • http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/technology-explained-how-does-a-hard-drive-work-nb/ • http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-57577479-1/seagate-ships-4tb-desktop-hdd/ • http://www.extremetech.com/computing/153879-storage-pricewatch-hdds-back-to-pre-flood-prices-ssds-grow-as-gb-holds-steady • http://www.computerweekly.com/feature/Hard-drive-capacity-emphasized-over-performancefor-future-enterprise-hard-drives • http://www.examiner.com/article/smr-hamr-tech-for-future-hdds • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_part_of_the_computer_is_the_brain

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