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Analysis of Planform Changes using Satellite Images

Analysis of Planform Changes using Satellite Images. A.K.M. Saiful Islam Associate Professor, IWFM, BUET. December 2010 . Email: akmsaifulislam@iwfm.buet.ac.bd . Presentation Outline. Changes of River Banks Change detection using Satellite Images Types and sources of Satellite Images

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Analysis of Planform Changes using Satellite Images

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  1. Analysis of Planform Changes using Satellite Images A.K.M. Saiful Islam Associate Professor, IWFM, BUET December 2010 Email:akmsaifulislam@iwfm.buet.ac.bd

  2. Presentation Outline • Changes of River Banks • Change detection using Satellite Images • Types and sources of Satellite Images • Image Acquisition Processes • Image Analysis Tools: ILWIS, ERDAS • ILWIS: A Open Source Software • Google Earth: • As a free image source & analysis tool • Hands on Exercise using ILWIS and LandSat Images

  3. Change of Bank Line • Most of the Major rivers of Bangladesh are either Meandering or Braided. • Every year, millions of people are affected by erosion that destroys standing crops, farmland and homestead land. • It is estimated that about 5% of the total Floodplain of Bangladesh is directly affected by erosion.

  4. Bank Erosion/Acceration Changes during 1984-93 Change of width of the rivers Source: ISPAN, 1995 Note: * Rates derived for the period 1984-92

  5. Severity of Erosion Teesta River at Sundarganj

  6. Application of Remote Sensing for Monitoring Changes of Rive Banks • Satellite data is useful for monitoring changes of Bank lines. • However, careful inspection and Ground Truthing is necessary to verify the changes. • Using images of various Bands, False Color Composite images are developed to identify various features of the landscape.

  7. LANDSAT 5 TM of the Korotoa river True Color Composite False Color Composite image

  8. Satellites Spectral Images can be used • Low resolution (<=1km): • NOAA, MODIS • Moderate resolution (<100m): • Landsat, SPOT • High resolution (<5m): • ICOKON, Quickbird, IRS, World View-2

  9. TM 1 2 3 4 5 7 Spectral Reflectance of Water, Vegetation, Soil and Rock

  10. Medium Resolution Sattelite • Landsat-7 • Orbit: 705 km, 98.20 inclination, sun-synchronous • Swath width: 185 km (FOV = 150) • Revisit time: 16 days • Spatial resolution: 15 m (PAN), 30 m (bands 1-5, 7), 60 m (band 6) • SPOT-1, 2, 3, 4 • Orbit: 832 km, 98.70 inclination, sun-synchronous • Swath width: 60 km • Revisit time: 26 days • Spatial resolution: 10 m (PAN), 20 m (Multispectral)

  11. High Resolution Satellites • SPOT-5 Orbit: 822 km, 98.70 inclination, sun-synchronous Swath width: 60 km Revisit time: 2-3 days Spatial resolution: 5 m (PAN) 10 m (Multispectral) • IKONOS Orbit: 681km, 98.20 inclination, sun-synchronous Swath width: 11km Revisit time: 1-3 days Spatial resolution: 1m (PAN), 4 m (Multispectral)

  12. High Resolution Satellites

  13. Sources of Satellite Images • High Resolution images need to be purchased. • However, some of the moderate resolution images can be downloaded freely. • Landsat TM and ETM images can be downloaded from USGS Global Visualization Viewer. • MODIS Images can be downloaded from LP DAAC web site at https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/lpdaac/get_data/wist

  14. http://glovis.usgs.gov/

  15. False color composite of Landsat TM image at Shaghata 11 November 1989 4 November 2005

  16. Shift of Bankline

  17. Planform changes of the Korotoa River at Shahjadpur November 11, 1989 November 17, 2000 November 04, 2005 January 21, 2010

  18. Change of Banklines

  19. Google Earth as High Resolution Image Source

  20. Bank lines using Google Earth February 27, 2004 February 19, 2006

  21. Shift of Bank lines

  22. Hands on Exercise on Planform changes of River using Satellite Images A.K.M. Saiful Islam IWFM, BUET

  23. Outline • Input Data: • Landsat Images of Year 1989 and 2010 of Band 1-4 • Bridge Location Text File (Lat, Long) • Software: ILWIS 3.7 • Assignment: • Develop False Color Composite Images • Show the location of the Bridge Site • Determine the Bank lines during 1989 and 2010 • Detect Changes of Banks

  24. Tiles of Landsat TM+ over Bangladesh

  25. Arial Khan River at Kalkini of Madaripur district

  26. Import Bridge Location • Import Bridge Location Text File “Bridge_Sundar_Teesta.txt” • It will imported as Table • Create a Point Map from the Table • Assign coordinate as “Lat-Lon” Longitude, Latitude 90.33028611, 23.09426389

  27. Importing Bridge Locations • Use Import Wizard, Select Text files, Press Next Button

  28. Import from Text files • Import as “Comma Delimited” ILWIS Table

  29. Formatting as value domain • Skip 1 Lines as Header

  30. Set precision as E-06 • Change domain as “value” • Change precision as “1e-006”

  31. Importing Bridge Text file as ILWIS Table • Finish importing table “kalkini_bridge”

  32. Creating Maps file from Bridge Table • Open Table, Column1 as longitude and Column 2 as Latitude Create Point Map from the Table by Clicking right mouse > Table to Point Map

  33. Create Point Maps from Table • X Column as Long and Y Column as Latitude • Coordinate System as LATLON • Output PointMap “Kalkini_Bridge” > Show

  34. Point Map of Kalkini Bridge Shows Bridge location As point map

  35. Import of Landsat Images of 1989 and 2010 in ILWIS • Band 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 in folder 2010 and 1989 • Import using via GDAL as TIF format Band 1-7 as TIF images Import Geo-Tif Images to ILWIS format

  36. Importing TIF Image of Bands • Import using TIF format and write file name Change image format as (TIF) and give a name

  37. Displaying image of a single band

  38. Import Band 1 to 7 from TIF Images • Import Band 1 to 7 using the same tools with and save file name as b1 to b7. • Make a Map List using Band 1 to 7.

  39. Creating Maplists from maps • Make map list using “>” and name it as “maps” Add all 7 layers to create a maplist “Maps”

  40. Select Bands (7-4-2) for false color composite maps Use display tool Select band 7-4-2 as RGB

  41. False color image during 2010 False color composite of landsat image

  42. Add Bridge Layer over the Image Select bridge point map and add it Use add layer button

  43. Insert Bridge location on false color composite maps Change color to red Location of the bridge in red color

  44. Zoom over the Bridge Site Use zoom tool Zoom the map over bridge site

  45. Creating Segment Maps of Bank Create new segment For bank lines Write segment names

  46. Customize Snap tools and tolerance for onscreen diziting Change tolerance Values to small value Customize Using right Mouse button

  47. Onscreen Drawing of Bank lines Insert tool Start digitizing using Insert tool and then save

  48. Planform change during last 21 years at the Bridge site Bank lines in 1989 Bank lines in 2010

  49. Change of Planforms using Images and Field verification Field visit to the bridge site Changes over 21 years

  50. Measuring shifts at Bridge

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