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Why has the Middle East become destabilized?

Explore the social, political, cultural, and economic causes of conflict in the Middle East during the 20th century. Discuss strategies for teaching a unit on Middle East conflict. Learn about the outcomes of instability in the region.

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Why has the Middle East become destabilized?

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  1. Why has the Middle East become destabilized?

  2. Introduction --

  3. Agenda/objectives/standards Agenda Introduction Bellringer Why has the Middle East become destabilized? Outcomes of instability Teaching strategies and tips Exit ticket Q/A session Objectives: 1- Examine the social, political, cultural, and economic causes of global conflict in the Middle East during the 20th century. 2. Discuss strategies to use for teaching a unit on Middle East conflict. 8.1.9 A-D Historical Analysis/Skills Development 8.1.12 A-D Historical Analysis/Skills Development 8.4.12A-D World History

  4. Bellringer - Chalk talk List five ideas, conflicts, revolutions that come to mind when you hear about the Middle East.

  5. Where is the Middle East? Crossroads of 3 Continents: 1. Asia 2. Africa 3. Europe

  6. Middle Eastern Countries • Related history, similar issues and challenges • Religious conflicts, social turmoil • Limited natural resources (especially water) • Arid climate – hot and dry (136* in the shade in Libya!) • All countries border the ocean (except Afghanistan which is landlocked)

  7. Middle East resources Petroleum/Oil • Most countries either have oil or make money from it (refining it or pipeline fees) • ½ of world supply of petroleum is in Middle East

  8. Cultures of the Middle East • Majority speak Arabic (also Turkish, Farsi, Hebrew) • Many different ethnic groups, such as Arabs, Persians, Turks, Kurds • 90% follow Islam(Sunni and Shi’a)

  9. Why did the Middle East become destabilized? • Social • Political • Interaction w/ human and environment • Cultural • Economic

  10. Israel- • Population: 8.059 mil as of 2013 • Capital: Jerusalem • Leader and Gov: Reuven Rivlin- Democracy • Bordering Countries: Lebanon, Syria, Georgia, and Egypt • The 6-day war of 1967: A war between their Neighbouring countries. Ties still have never fully healed. • Volcanoes: Mount Bental: Part of a long chain of volcanos • Geography: Diverse. Desert conditions & some snow tipped mountains • Major River: The Jordan River

  11. Value Walk 3-5 statements - Agree/Disagree/Moderates

  12. Creation of Israel • Zionism- Political movement for a Jewish homeland. • Balfour Declaration - 1917 Britain homeland. • Under international control ... • Jewish population to return to “Promised Land”. • Organized by Theodore Herzl in 1897. • Why? Faced persecution and genocide throughout their history. Worldwide sympathy after WW2. • Jewish settlers started moving to Palestinian region in 1890’s – 1930’s. • Conflict with local Arabs over land, water, business.

  13. United Nationssettled on Palestine for a Jewish Homeland Why Palestine? Ancient kingdom of Israel, “Promised Land” Not very crowded in the 1940’s Controlled by Britain, which was willing to give it to Jewish settlers Political movement by Zionists, already settling there 1948 – UN Resolution 181 divided Palestine into 3 sections: Israel – for Jewish settlers Palestine – for Arab settlers Jerusalem – run by UN for all groups How was modern Israel created?

  14. Discussion – how has the events of 9-11 shaped the world’s view of the Middle East today? (3-5 sentence response)

  15. Terrorism is --- “Systematic use of violence, terror, and intimidation to achieve an end.”

  16. The Arab Spring

  17. Demonstrations and protests occurring in the Arab world starting in late 2010. • Revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt • Civil war in Libya resulted in fall of its government • Civil uprisings in Bahrain, Syria, and Yemen, resulting in resignation of Yemeni prime minister • Major protests in Algeria, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco, and Oman • Minor protests in Lebanon, Mauritania, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, and Western Sahara. • Clashes between Israel and Palestine along border posts also inspired by Arab Spring. The “Arab Spring” Revolts

  18. Countries the ‘Arab Spring’ has impacted • Tunisia • Jordan • Egypt • Syria • Libya • Morocco • Iran • Algeria • Bahrain • Saudi Arabia • Yemen • Oman

  19. Syria • Leader: Bashar al-Assad, in power since 2000 (inherited power from his father). • Since March of 2011, at least 5,000 Syrians have been killed according to the UN. • Protestors are calling for political freedom, an end to corruption & action on poverty. • Syrian govt. claims the protestors are ‘terrorists and armed gangs’.

  20. Results of the Arab Spring As of January, 2013, the following changes have resulted from the Arab Spring:

  21. What happens now? • Many of these countries have to decide what types of governments they want, now that their dictators have been kicked out! • Should they have a democracy or a theocracy (govt ruled by religion)? • Many Islamic fundamentalists have gained popularity in these countries and Western countries are worried that secular democracies will be difficult to maintain.

  22. HIPPO’ing documents H - Historical context - connect a doc to specific historical Eras, situations.. Periodization .. Think Star Wars I - Intended audience - What did the author intend to say when writing document P - Purpose - Why was document written P- Point of view - opinion and feelings of others O- Outside information - Synthesis

  23. HIPPO docs - try it out! November 2nd, 1917 Dear Lord Rothschild, I have much pleasure in conveying to you, on behalf of His Majesty's Government, the following declaration of sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations which has been submitted to, and approved by, the Cabinet. "His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country." I should be grateful if you would bring this declaration to the knowledge of the Zionist Federation. Yours sincerely, Arthur James Balfour

  24. Document 2 - From “The Zionist Case” by Golda Meir (speech given March 25, 1946) “As I have said, we came to Palestine to do away with the helplessness of the Jewish people through our own endeavors. Therefore, you will realize what it meant for us to watch from here millions of Jews being slaughtered during these years of war…We Jews only want that which is given naturally to all peoples of the world to be masters of our own fate…We are certain that given an opportunity of bringing in large masses of Jews into this country, of opening the doors of Palestine to all Jews who wish to come here, we can…create a free Jewish society built on the basis of cooperation, equality and mutual aid.”

  25. Literature https://www.sites.google.com/site/mescresources/resources-for-teachers/lesson-plans/high-school-book-list

  26. Using SPICE - Exit ticket In pairs/triads, use the SPICE mnemonic (sheet in your packet) to state reasons why terrorism has flourished in the Middle East.

  27. Questions/Answers How have you seen this region being taught? Suggestions about teaching activities esp w/language arts

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