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LAB 1 : different TYPES OF ROCKS

LAB 1 : different TYPES OF ROCKS. Key Question : What kinds of rocks are there?. IGNEOUS ROCKS. IGNEOUS ROCKS are formed from cooled magma or lava We use C O L O R & TEXTURE to classify the rocks. C O L O R. The C O L O R of a rock depends on the rock’s mineral content

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LAB 1 : different TYPES OF ROCKS

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  1. LAB 1:different TYPES OF ROCKS

  2. KeyQuestion:What kinds of rocks arethere?

  3. IGNEOUS ROCKS • IGNEOUS ROCKSare formed from cooled magma or lava • We useCOLOR& TEXTURE to classify the rocks

  4. COLOR • The COLOR of a rock depends on the rock’s mineral content • The type of mineral the rock is made up of determines how it is classified

  5. LIGHT ROCKS • The rock may look light or dark • Has “light” minerals LIGHT MINERALS: QUARTZ ORTHOCLASE FELDSPAR

  6. DARK ROCKS • The rock may look light or dark • Has “dark” minerals DARK MINERALS: AUGITE OLIVINE

  7. TEXTURE • A rock’s TEXTUREis determined by the size of the mineral crystals within the rock • Igneous Rocks have 3 basic textures

  8. COARSE-GRAINED • Has crystals large enough to be seen with the naked eye FINE-GRAINED • Has crystals that are too small to see with the naked eye GLASSY • Crystals are NOT visible. • Glassy rocks can be smooth or full of bubble holes

  9. vocabulary Igneous rock • Rock formed from cooled magma or lava Extrusive igneousRock • Igneous rock that forms above the Earth’s surface from lava Intrusive igneousrock • Igneous rock that forms below the Earth’s surface from magma

  10. LAB 1:different TYPES OF ROCKS

  11. KeyQuestion:What kinds of rocks arethere?

  12. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS • SEDIMENTARY ROCKSare formed from the compaction & cementation of sediments

  13. Pressure causes accumulated sediments to harden into rock. • This process takes thousands of years. • Sedimentary rocks are classified according to the material from which they formed.

  14. clastic: • Composed of different sized rock fragments compacted together organic: • Composed of the remains of dead plants & animals (may include shells, skeletons & other organic matter) chemical: • Formed from minerals that were once dissolved in water (water evaporated & minerals became crystals)

  15. vocabulary Sedimentaryrock • Rock made of sediments Sediment • Compacts together to form sedimentary rock; created by erosion compaction • The compressing of sediments into sedimentary rock

  16. erosion • Wearing away of soil, landforms & rock by wind, gravity, moving water & glaciers lithification • Compaction & cementation into sedimentary rock weathering The breakdown of rocks by natural processes

  17. LAB 1:different TYPES OF ROCKS

  18. KeyQuestion:What kinds of rocks arethere?

  19. metamorphic ROCKS • METAMORPHIC ROCKSare formed from igneous or sedimentary rocks that undergo lots of heat & pressure over a long period of time

  20. Igneous& Sedimentary rocks deep beneath the Earth’s surface change (morph) into metamorphic rocks because of the high temperatures & great pressure of all the rock layers above. • This process takes thousands of years.

  21. 2TEXTURETYPES NON-FOLIATED: • No visible layering or stripes FOLIATED: (BANDED) • Minerals “line up” to give a striped/layered appearance

  22. vocabulary foliation • Mineral bands/layers in metamorphic rock Metamorphic Rock • Rock formed from an igneous or sedimentary rock because of heat & pressure

  23. LAB 1:different TYPES OF ROCKS

  24. KeyQuestion:What kinds of rocks arethere?

  25. The Rock Cycle

  26. IGNEOUS ROCKS IGNEOUS ROCKSare formed from cooled magma or lava An intrusive igneous rock forms from magma. As it cools slowly inside the earth the minerals form large crystals. An extrusive igneous rock forms from lava on the surface. These rocks cool quickly and have tiny crystals.

  27. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS SEDIMENTARY ROCKSare formed from the compaction & cementation of sediments Weathering & erosion acts upon rocks to create sediments. Over time layers of sediment compact & compress together to form sedimentary rock. This process is known as lithification.

  28. metamorphic ROCKS METAMORPHIC ROCKSare formed from igneous or sedimentary rocks that undergo lots of heat & pressure over a long period of time, which causes the rock to change.

  29. Rock CYCLE: The combination of all the processes that act to break down rocks, move sediments, and produce new rocks.

  30. melting ROCK CYCLE

  31. (L) (B) (C) (H) (D) (K) (A) melting (E) (F) (I) (N) (J) (G) (M)

  32. (L) (B) (C) (H) (D) (K) (A) melting (E) (F) (I) (N) (J) (G) (M) igneous rock cooling melting Weathering & erosion Heat & pressure sediments melting melting Weathering & erosion lithification metamorphic rock Weathering & erosion Heat & pressure Sedimentary rock

  33. Rock CYCLE: The combination of all the processes that act to break down rocks, move sediments, and produce new rocks. 3 groups of rocks Igneous-Forms from cooled magma or lava Sedimentary-Made of sediments that compacted over time Metamorphic-Forms due to heat & pressure 5 processes of the rock cycle Coolingof magma or lava forms igneous rock Weathering& Erosionof a rock forms sediments Lithificationof sediments forms sedimentary rock Heat & Pressureon a rock creates metamorphic rock Meltingof a rock forms magma

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