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Enzymes

Enzymes. Textbook Pages 69-74. Enzymes are important. Digestion, Immune function, cell division, etc. Basically everything produced or changed in our bodies When enzymes go wrong Lactose intolerance Diabetes *thyroidism Death. What is an enzyme?. Catalyst

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Enzymes

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  1. Enzymes Textbook Pages 69-74

  2. Enzymes are important • Digestion, Immune function, cell division, etc. • Basically everything produced or changed in our bodies • When enzymes go wrong • Lactose intolerance • Diabetes • *thyroidism • Death

  3. What is an enzyme? • Catalyst • Substance that speeds up a specific chemical reaction without being consumed in it • In other words, reduces the activation energy of a specific reaction

  4. Ok, but how do they work? • Work on a particular substrate • Bind to the substrate to form the enzyme-substrate complex • Then breaks apart into: 1) Products of the reaction 2) Unchanged enzyme

  5. http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.htmlhttp://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072495855/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_enzymes_work.html

  6. Models of enzyme function • Lock and key model

  7. Models of enzyme function • Induced fit model • http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/enzymes/enzymes.html

  8. Factors that influence enzyme activity • Temperature • 37 °C for humans mostly • Denaturation • Concentration of enzyme • Concentration of substrate • pH • Stomach vs. Intestines

  9. Enzyme Cofactors of Coenzymes • Molecules or elements that bind to enzymes to allow them to function • Ex: Zinc, B vitamins

  10. Enzyme inhibition • Competitive inhibitors

  11. Enzyme inhibition • Noncompetitive inhibition

  12. Allosteric regulation

  13. Negative feedback inhibition

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