CHAPTER

1. 8 CHAPTER SECONDARY STORAGE

2. Competencies • Distinguish between primary & secondary storage • Discuss the different types of storage media • Describe the traditional floppy disk and the high capacity floppy disks • Describe various types of hard disk devices

3. Competencies cont. • Describe ways to improve hard-disk operations • Describe the different types of optical disks • Describe other kinds of secondary storage devices

4. Primary storage Volatile Temporary Secondary storage Nonvolatile Permanent Secondary storage characteristics Media Capacity Storage devices Access speed Storage RAM

5. Secondary Storage Devices

6. Traditional Floppy Disk Floppy Disks • Diskettes • Floppies • Portable storage media • Floppy disk drives (FDD)

7. Traditional Floppy Diskette

8. Types of Floppies • High capacity • Known as a floppy-disk cartridge • Require special disk drives • Three well known types • Zip disks • HiFD disks • SuperDisks

9. Hard Disks • Use thicker, metallic platters for storage • Faster than a floppy diskette • Large capacity • Sensitive instruments

10. Materials that Cause a Head Crash

11. Internal Hard Disk • Located inside system unit • Known as a fixed disk • Designated as the C drive • Advantages over floppies • Access speed • Capacity

12. PC Card Hard Disks Hard-Disk Cartridges • Removable hard disks • Used to complement internal hard disk • Capacities of 10 to 20 GB

13. Hard-Disk Packs • Removable • Massive storage capacity • Common in mainframes • Resembles stack of vinyl records

14. Hard-Disk Pack

15. Performance Enhancements • Disk caching • Redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID) • File compression and decompression

16. Optical Disks • Compact • Permanent storage • Laser beams reflect off pits • Two common types • CD • DVD

17. Compact Disc • Optical format • From 650 MB to 1 GB capacity • Rotation speeds vary • Types • Read only: CD-ROM • Write once: CD-R • Rewriteable: CD-RW • Picture CDs and Photo CDs

18. Digital Versatile Disc • Digital Versatile Disk or Digital Video Disk (DVD) • Similar to CDs, but can store more data • Types • Read only • Write once • Rewritable

19. DataPlay • Optical disk • Write once format • Quarter size • 500 MB capacity • Holds 5 hours of CD-quality sound • Use for storing and playing music files

20. Other Types of Secondary Storage • Solid-state storage • Internet hard drives • Magnetic tape

21. Solid-State Storage • Flash memory cards • Widely used in notebook computers • Used to record MP3 music files • Key chain hard drives • Key chain flash memory devices • Connects to a USB port

22. Internet Hard Drives

23. Magnetic Tape • External storage • Provides sequential access • Information stored in sequence • Slower than disks which provide direct access • Magnetic tape streamers or tape cartridges used by both mainframes and microcomputers

24. A Look to the FutureBlu-Ray Technology • New standard in storage • Blu-Ray • New disks use blue laser light instead of the red laser light used in traditional CD players • Disks may ultimately hold • Over 30GB on one-sided disks • Over 50GB on two-sided disks

25. 1.44 MB 31/2-inch disk (211) 2HD (211) access time (210) C drive (213) capacity (210) CD (compact disc) (216) CD burner (216) CD-R (CD-recordable) (216) CD-ROM (compact disc-read only memory) (216) CD-RW (compact disc rewritable) (217) DataPlay (220) density (211) direct access (221) disk caching (213) Diskette (210) Key Terms

26. disk (210) DVD (digital versatile disc or digital video disc) (217) DVD-RW or DVD+RW (DVD rewritable) (217) DVD-R or DVD+R (DVD recordable) (217) DVD-RAM (DVD-random-access memory) (217) DVD player (217) DVD-ROM (digital versatile disc-read only memory) (217) Erasable optical disk (217) file compression (215) Key Terms

27. file decompression (215) fixed disk (212) flash memory card (221) flexible disk (211) floppies (211) floppy disk (210) floppy disk drive (FDD) (210) Floppy-disk cartridge (211) hard disk (212) hard-disk cartridge (213) hard-disk pack (214) head crash (212) HiFD disk (212) high capacity floppy disk (211) Key Terms

28. i-drive (221) internal hard disk (212) Internet hard drive (221) jewel box (216) key chain hard drives (221) label (211) land (216) magnetic tape (222) magnetic tape reel (222) magnetic tape streamer (222) media (210) medium (210) multiread (217) multisession (217) nonvolatile storage (210) online storage (221) Key Terms

29. optical disk (216) optical disk drive (216) PC Card hard disk (214) Photo CD (217) Picture CD (217) pit (216) platters (212) primary storage (210) reading (210) redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID) (215) removable hard disk (213) rotational speed (216) secondary storage (210) secondary storage device (210) sector (211) Key Terms

30. sequential access (221) shutter (211) single-session (217) solid-state storage (220) storage devices (210) SuperDisk (212) tape cartridge (222) track (211) volatile storage (210) write-protection notch (211) writing (210) Zip disk (211) Key Terms

31. FAQs • What is the difference between primary storage and secondary storage? • What kinds of floppy disks are available? • What is the C drive of a computer? • When would I use a hard-disk cartridge? • What is the difference between a CD and a DVD?

32. Discussion Questions • Discuss three ways to improve the performance of hard disks. • Describe the different types of compact discs. • Describe the different types of DVDs. • What are the advantages and disadvantages of using an Internet hard drive? • Describe solid state technology. Discuss the many uses for key chain flash memory devices.