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Operational Fatigue in the Navy: Studies and Experiences in the Royal Netherlands Navy. HFM-151/RTO Workshop on Operational Fatigue LT RNLN Rodney de Vries BA, Social Work Services MoD, Utrecht, NLD r.d.vries.12@mindef.nl CDR RNLN Marten Meijer PhD, NATO/RTA, Paris, FRA
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Operational Fatigue in the Navy:Studies and Experiences in the Royal Netherlands Navy HFM-151/RTO Workshop on Operational Fatigue LT RNLN Rodney de Vries BA, Social Work Services MoD, Utrecht, NLD r.d.vries.12@mindef.nl CDR RNLN Marten Meijer PhD, NATO/RTA, Paris, FRA meijerm@rta.nato.int Paris, 08 FEB 2007
INTRODUCTION • PERSONAL BACKGROUND • STRESS FACTORS OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE • A CASE STUDY OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE ROYAL NETHERLANDS MARINE CORPS • SOCIAL WORK COUNTERMEASURES Paris, 08 FEB 2007
1. PERSONAL BACKGROUND • MANDATORY SERVICE ROYAL NETHERLANDS MARINE CORPS 1992 • SEVERE INITIAL TRAINING, SEE PRESENTATION M.MEIJER 09 FEB • DEPLOYED TO UNITED NATIONS TRANSITIONAL AUTHORITY CAMBODIA 1993 • ROAD BOMB ATTACK 25 JULY 1993 • LT RNLN, SOCIAL WORKER PREVETERANS CARE Paris, 08 FEB 2007
2. STRESS FACTORS OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE • BARTONE, MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2006, 18 • ISOLATION • AMBIGUITY • POWERLESSNESS • BOREDOM AND ALIENATION • DANGER AND THREAT • WORKLOAD Paris, 08 FEB 2007
3. A CASE OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE ROYAL NETHERLANDS MARINE CORPS • ROYAL NETHERLANDS NAVY (RNLN) • ROYAL NETHERLANDS MARINE CORPS (RNLMC) • SERGEANT ‘PETER’ OF THE RNLMC • 1980 – 1989 • 1990 – 1999 • 2000 – 2007 • FACTS, FEELINGS, FUTURES Paris, 08 FEB 2007
3. A CASE OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE RNLMC; 1980 - 1989 FACTS: • MILITARY CAREER BEGAN IN 1981 IN THE RNLN • IN 1985 TRANSFERRED TO MARINE CORPS • POSTINGS WITH THE INFANTRY COMPANIES, IN THE NA and A AND THE ‘WISKY’ • SUCCESFULLY COMPLETED THE COMMANDO TRAINING • LEADERSHIP TRAINING • RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON Paris, 08 FEB 2007
3. A CASE OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE RNLMC; 1980 - 1989 FEELINGS: • SUCCESS • PLEASURE FUTURES: • CAREER WITHIN THE RNLMC • MILITARY MISSION Paris, 08 FEB 2007
3. A CASE OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE RNLMC; 1990 - 1999 FACTS • IN 1992 AS A POSTAL ORDERLY, UNITED NATIONS TRANSITIONAL AUTHORITY CAMBODIA (UNTAC 1) • A GREAT DEAL OF FUNCTIONAL HINDRANCE • APPROACHED AGGRESSIVELY BY LARGE NUMBER OF COLLEAGUES • THREE TIME A NEW LOCATION • ON PATROL STOPPED BY A GROUP OF ARMED CAMBODIANS • WITNESS OF AN ATTACK ON A MARKETPLACE Paris, 08 FEB 2007
3. A CASE OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE RNLMC; 1990 - 1999 FEELINGS: • NOT RESPECTED • HUMILIATED • FEELING THAT I WAS NOT TRUSTED, WAS A HEAVY BLOW • WORK AND EXPERIENCES DURING UNTAC 1 WERE EXTREMELY FRUSTRATING (‘I FELT QUILTY’) FUTURES: • ‘FINISH THE JOB IN MISSION UNTAC 3’ Paris, 08 FEB 2007
3. A CASE OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE RNLMC; 1990 - 1999 FACTS • VOLUNTEER, ASSIGN ME TO AN INFANTRY UNIT • IN 1993 TO CAMBODIA, UNTAC 3 • WORKED AT THE SIGNAL STAFF IN SISOPHON • MORTAR FIRE • FIREFIGHTS ON THE ROUTE • FINAL WEEKS IN CAMBODIA WERE INTENSE: • COMMAND OF THE BATTALION COMMUNICATIONS • STEALING AND PLUNDERING ON THE CAMP • BROKEN LAND ROVER DURING DEPARTURE Paris, 08 FEB 2007
3. A CASE OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE RNLMC; 1990 - 1999 FEELINGS: • IN THE NETHERLANDS: SEVERAL AGGRESSIVE OUTBURSTS (‘DEEP INSIDE MY HEART I FELT I WAS NOT WELL’) • IN CAMBODIA: SURPRISE, AMAZEMENT, FRUSTRATION, COLD SWEAT FUTURES: • EFFECT OF LARIAM? • DIFFICULTIES IN ADJUSTING, AGGRESSIVE • FORWARD OBSERVER SIGNALLER TRAINING Paris, 08 FEB 2007
3. A CASE OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE RNLMC; 1990 - 1999 FACTS • CHRISTMAS EVE 1994 A GIRLFRIEND • IN JULY 1995 TO BOSNIA WITH MORTAR COMPANY • SIX-MAN TEAM TO SARAJEVO • UNDER FIRE, MORTAR FIRE, ETC • ‘MY TOUGHEST MISSION’ • MOST DETRIMENTAL TO MY HEALTH Paris, 08 FEB 2007
3. A CASE OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE RNLMC; 1990 - 1999 FEELINGS: • FEELING OF ‘PLEASURE’ • ‘I FELT SAVE IN OPEN POST’ • GOOD TO GO HOME • AFRAID TO FEEL ISOLATED IN THE NETHERLANDS FUTURES: • QUIET POSTING AS A SIGNALS INSTRUCOR • ESCAPE FROM REALITY • SELF-MEDICATION (COCAINE) Paris, 08 FEB 2007
3. A CASE OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE RNLMC; 2000 - NOW FACTS: • JURIDICAL BATTLE AGAINST MOD • NEW JOB IN SECURITY PROTECTION COMPANY • STARTING A STUDY BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION • NEW GIRLFRIEND • “STOPPED WITH COCAINE” Paris, 08 FEB 2007
3. A CASE OF OPERATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE RNLMC; 2000 - NOW FEELINGS: • ONGOING STRUGGLE WEARES HIM OUT, FATIGUE? • TIRED • HOPE FUTURE • ‘MANAGER OF 200 PEOPLE’ • ONGOING STRUGGLE WITH MOD • DEBTS ELIMINATION Paris, 08 FEB 2007
4. SOCIAL WORK COUNTERMEASURES IN THE ROYAL NETHERLANDS NAVY • REDUCE TIME OF DEPLOYMENT (WAS 6 MONTHS, IS 4 MONTHS) • ADAPT IN TRANSIT HOME FROM THEATRE IN THIRD LOCATION DECOMPRESSION TO REDUCE TENSION • REINFORCE SOCIAL NETWORK BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER DEPLOYMENT (NO BATTLE ON A SECOND FRONT, THE SO-CALLED HOME FRONT) • PROVIDE TEMPORARILY VISIT HOME IN CASE OF SERIOUS DISEASE/INJURY OR DEATH NEXT OF KIN Paris, 08 FEB 2007