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Colonial Society in the Mid-Eighteenth Century

Colonial Society in the Mid-Eighteenth Century. Population Growth. Urban Population Growth. Implications of Pop. Growth. English settlement creeps westward True cities begin to develop First generations of true Americans emerge Classification as Englishmen is questionable

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Colonial Society in the Mid-Eighteenth Century

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  1. Colonial Society in the Mid-Eighteenth Century

  2. Population Growth

  3. Urban Population Growth

  4. Implications of Pop. Growth • English settlement creeps westward • True cities begin to develop • First generations of true Americans emerge • Classification as Englishmen is questionable • Unique culture begins to take flight

  5. Eighteenth Century Architecture

  6. Eighteenth Century Architecture

  7. Inside the Home

  8. Social Structure-Family • Large male-female ratio • Almost all women married by 20 • Women bore 8 children (5 likely didn’t survive childhood)

  9. Economy • South • Tobacco dominates • Plantations frequently have over a dozen slaves • SC and GA grow rice (requires heavy labor=more slaves required) • Less industrialized than the North

  10. Rice and Indigo Production

  11. Economy • North • Less fertile ground (=no cash crops) results in more commercial activity • Self-sufficient farming develops • Iron-working, weaving, fishing, printing, lumbering, etc…

  12. Iron-working in the 1700s

  13. Plantation Life • Most were relatively small, 25 people or less usually • Success depended on the earth and rain more than anything • Smaller residences clustered around the “Great House” at the center

  14. “Great House” (laborers’ residence in the back)

  15. Puritan Community • Town is center of society and fairly autonomous • Patriarchal domination • Church at the center of town layout • Begin to break-apart when families move further west for new land • Salem Witchcraft Trials

  16. Salem Witchcraft Trials

  17. Life in the Cities • New York and Philadelphia were the largest • Tiny by modern standards • Marketplace for regional farmers • Distribution of income varied greatly • Led culturally and in education

  18. The Great Awakening • Backlash against lax attitudes towards religion in America in 1730s and 1740s • Many diverse sects in America • George Whitefield and evangelicalism • For a time piety on the rise, until the Enlightenment (belief in science and order, rather than God)

  19. The Great Awakening Jonathan Edwards

  20. The American Mind • Frequently deist (not adherent to traditional religion, based upon reason) • High value on education despite obstacles (Harvard Univ.) • Increased awareness on politics, government, and reason • Founding Fathers raised in this climate

  21. New Immigration • English pop. begins to mix with African and native pop. • English immigration levels off • French, German, Swiss, Irish, Welsh, Scottish, and Scandinavian immigration increases

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