1 / 16

Chapter 10: Freshwater Biomes

Chapter 10: Freshwater Biomes. Freshwater is less than 3% of the Hydrosphere. 90% of the freshwater is locked beneath the Earth’s surface. Water is cycled through evaporation and transpiration from the atmosphere to the land and back again. . 10.1 Aquatic Biomes.

toshi
Download Presentation

Chapter 10: Freshwater Biomes

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 10:Freshwater Biomes Freshwater is less than 3% of the Hydrosphere. 90% of the freshwater is locked beneath the Earth’s surface. Water is cycled through evaporation and transpiration from the atmosphere to the land and back again.

  2. 10.1 Aquatic Biomes • Land biomes cover less than 30% of the Earth’s surface. • Aquatic biomes contains organisms that live in water. • Two factors that are used to classify aquatic biomes: • 1. The amount of salt in the water - salinity • 2. The depth of the water and the amount of sunlight that reaches it

  3. 10.1 Aquatic Biomes Salinity – the amount of dissolved salts in a sample of water • Salinity is measured in parts per thousand (ppt) • Aquatic biomes are divided into two groups: saltwater and freshwater • Saltwater biomes have 30 ppt – (oceans, seas) • Freshwater biomes have 0.5 or less ppt (lakes, ponds, rivers)

  4. 10.1 Aquatic Biomes • Brackish water is more salty that fresh but less than the ocean – (anywhere freshwater meets with sea water – marshes, deltas, estuaries) • Hypersaline – more salt than the ocean - 40 ppt (the Great Salt Lake –Utah and Mono Lake – California)

  5. 10.1 Aquatic Biomes • Depth • Available sunlight is the determining factor for water depth. • Sunlight amount determines types of plants that can grow • Producers are the base of all aquatic food webs

  6. 10.1 Aquatic Biomes • Depth - Three layers: • Photic zone – top layer of water gets enough sunlight for photosynthesis to about (100 m in open ocean) • Aphotic zone – sunlight never reaches this zone (only deep lakes and ocean) • Benthic zone – the floor of a body of water.

  7. 10.2 Freshwater Ecosystems • Freshwater biomes divided into TWO classifications: • Standing-water – lakes, ponds, bogs swamps, marshes. Water does not move in and out but does move within the system. • Flowing-water – Rivers, streams. Water moves in, out and through the system

  8. 10.2 Standing-Water Biomes • Upper level – warm, gets most sunlight. Contains plankton – microorganisms that float on the surface of the water. • Phytoplankton – perform photosynthesis, make their own food (producers) • Zooplankton – cannot perform photosynthesis, eat phytoplankton (consumers)

  9. 10.2 Standing-Water Biomes • Benthic level – cool, gets little or no sunlight. Contains scavengers that consume dead organisms. • Food Chain: Small fish eat plankton and insects, larger fish eat small fish.

  10. 10.2 Standing-Water Biomes • WETLANDS • Found where water and land meet. • Roots of plants are under water part or all of the year. • Soils are soaked with water. • Water can be fresh or brackish

  11. 10.2 Standing-Water Biomes • Wetlands act as water filters - remove chemicals from water as it passes through them. • Can be used as treatment for waste water. • Important breeding, feeding and resting areas for migrating birds. • Wetlands protect areas from flooding. • Refill aquifers

  12. 10.2 Florida Everglades • Once covered the entire lower part of Florida from Lake Okeechobee to the Keys. • Area reduced through human activity (draining) from over 150 miles to just 1,508,537.9 acres

  13. 10.2 Everglades • Home to many rare and unusual organisms: • Alligator • Florida panther • Florida soft-shelled turtle • Key deer • Great Blue Heron • Ibis • Florida Tree Snail

  14. 10.3 Flowing-Water Ecosystems • Flowing-water ecosystems all have water that moves over land. • All water that moves above ground are streams • All water that move underground are aquifers

  15. 10.3 Flowing-Water Ecosystems STREAMS • Begin at high altitude, as runoff from melting snow on mountain tops • Gravity causes water to move downhill • Stream beginnings are called the “origin” or “head” • Water from the starting place is called headwaters • The water is cold and carries much material with it – called sediments

  16. 10.3 Flowing-Water Ecosystems • Sediments are small particles that settle to the bottom of any body of water • Provide nutrients and place for plant roots to grow • Increases in producers bring increases of consumers • Sedimentation (sediment collecting) and soil erosion cause streams/rivers to change course - become more and more winding

More Related