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Lessons from RAPID’s work on research-policy links. John Young. Power, Politics and evidence use. Evidence production and communication. RAPID. Knowledge intermediaries and interactions. Commission research. Analyse the results. Choose the best option. Establish the policy.
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Lessons from RAPID’s work on research-policy links John Young
Power, Politics and evidence use Evidence production and communication RAPID Knowledge intermediaries and interactions
Commission research Analyse the results Choose the best option Establish the policy Implement the policy Evaluation Policy processes are not... Identify the problem
Cabinet Donors Policy Formulation Parliament Agenda Setting Decision Making Civil Society Ministries Monitoring and Evaluation Policy Implementation Private Sector Policy processes are more like ...
Research plays a minor role Kate Bird et al, Fracture Points in Social Policies for Chronic Poverty Reduction, ODI WP242, 2004 (http://www.odi.org.uk/publications/working_papers/wp242.pdf)
Health Care in Tanzania “The results of household disease surveys informed processes of health service reform which contributed to a 43 and 46 per cent reduction in infant mortality between 2000 and 2003 in two districts in rural Tanzania.” TEHIP Project, Tanzania: www.idrc.ca/tehip
Thepolitical context – political and economic structures and processes, culture, institutional pressures, incremental vs radical change etc. Theevidence– credibility, the degree it challenges received wisdom, research approaches and methodology, simplicity of the message, how it is packaged etc Thelinksbetween policy and research communities – networks, relationships, power, trust, knowledge etc. An analytical framework External Influences Socio-economic and cultural influences, donor policies etc
A practical framework political context External Influences Politics and Policymaking Campaigning, Lobbying Policy analysis, & research Media, Advocacy, Networking Research, learning & thinking Scientific information exchange & validation evidence links
Policy and social entrepreneurs Storyteller Networker Researcher Fixer Engineer
To maximise impact you need to: • focus on the policy question • ensure results are robust and credible • establish the right incentives in the team • establish an inclusive approach • Emphasise engagement and communications • produce appropriate products • be ready to seize unexpected policy opportunities and move very fast
6 Steps: ROMA Start by defining your policy objectives – constantly review them during the process
An iterative approach Media strategy Online communications Develop a network or partnership Academic research communications Policy advocacy coalition More research
Tools • For example: • RAPID Framework • Drivers of Change • Power Analysis • SWOT • Influence Mapping • Force Field Analysis • For example: • AIIM • Stakeholder analysis • Influence Mapping • Social Network Analysis • Force Field Analysis Start by defining your policy objectives – constantly review them during the process • For example: • Progress Markers • Opportunities and • Threats timeline • Policy Objectives • AIIM • Force Field Analysis • For example: • Log Frame (flexible) • Outcome Mapping • Journals or impact logs • Internal monitoring tools • For example: • Policy entrepreneur questionnaire • SWOT • Internal performance frameworks • For example: • Publications, public relations • Media and events • Negotiation and advice • Develop a network or coalition • Research • For example: • Force Field Analysis • Theory of Change
Identifying the key stakeholders AIIM Matrix Identify all stakeholders Map them onto the alignment / interest matrix Identify who has power Identify who you can influence High Develop enthusiasm to address topic Learn in partnership General level of alignment Develop awareness and enthusiasm Challenge existing beliefs Low Interest in specific topic Low High
Goal (Beneficiaries) Purpose (Policy Influencing Objectives) Objectives Output 1DFID Output 2Target or audience Output 3Target or audience Output NActions of actors not targeted by DFID Activities A-Z from other actors Activities A-Z from other actors Approaches or Activities 1 Activities 2 Strategy Management, inputs Project Management (Budget, HR, Organisational Practices) Theories of change
Communication Tools • Key Messages • The Elevator Pitch • Communication Strategies • Policy Briefs • Working with the media
M&E of policy change • Strategy and Direction - Are you doing the right thing? • Theories of Change; Log Frames etc • Management - Are you doing what you planned? • Mgt records; AFTER Action Reviews etc • Outputs - Are the outputs appropriate? • Peer review etc • Uptake - Is anyone taking note of them? • Logs; Citation analysis; SNA etc • Impact - Is anything changing? • OM; SNA; Stories; MSC; Micro-narratives; Case Studies; Episode Studies; ROA etc