MEETING DoD’s ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES

1. MEETING DoD’s ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES 2007 SERDP and ESTCP Project-of-the-Year Awards www.serdp.org www.estcp.org

2. Identificationand Characterization of Natural Sources of Perchlorate Dr. Gregory J. Harvey U.S. Air Force Aeronautical Systems Center Engineering Directorate Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio Environmental Restoration Project of the Year 2007

3. Identificationand Characterization of Natural Sources of Perchlorate Does perchlorate form naturally in the environment and, if so, how does it impact the environment? • Benefits: • An understanding of the atmospheric and geochemical processes involved in the natural formation of perchlorate. • An understanding of the fate and transport of perchlorate in the environment. • Supports forensic investigations to differentiate natural and anthropogenic sources of perchlorate in the environment.

4. Identificationand Characterization of Natural Sources of Perchlorate Principal Investigator: Dr. Gregory J. Harvey U.S. Air Force Aeronautical Systems Center Engineering Directorate Co-Performers: • Texas Tech University W.Andrew Jackson, Ph.D., P.E. Todd Anderson, Ph.D. Ken Rainwater, Ph.D., P.E. Moira Ridley, Ph.D. Sandy Dasgupta, Ph.D. Srinath Rajagopalan, Ph.D. Balaji Rao, Ph.D. • U.S. Geological Survey Greta Orris, Ph.D. Julio Betancourt, Ph.D.

5. Improving Detection/Discrimination of UXO in Magnetic Environments Dr. Yaoguo Li Colorado School of Mines Golden, Colorado Munitions Management Project of the Year 2007

6. Improving Detection/Discrimination of UXO in Magnetic Environments Detection and discrimination of unexploded ordnance (UXO) can be seriously hindered by the presence of magnetic rocks and soils. • Benefits: • Provides an understanding of magnetic soils, improved site characterization of magnetic soil and rock properties, and how to use this information to process magnetic and EM data. • New filtering techniques incorporate geostatistical information and a physical understanding of complex magnetic susceptibility. • Improved ability to detect UXO in magnetic environments.

7. Improving Detection/Discrimination of UXO in Magnetic Environments Principal Investigator: Dr. YaoguoLi Colorado School of Mines • Sky Research, Inc. Stephen Billings, Ph.D. Sean Walker • Michigan State University Remke Van Dam, Ph.D. • New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology Bruce Harrison, Ph.D. • Co-Performers: • Colorado School of Mines Richard Krahenbuhl, Ph.D. Todd Meglich • UniversityofBritishColumbia Douglas Oldenburg, Ph.D. Leonard Pasion, Ph.D.

8. Riparian Ecosystem Management:Impacts, Restoration and Enhancement Strategies Dr. Patrick J. Mulholland Oak Ridge National Laboratory Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge, Tennessee Sustainable Infrastructure Project of the Year 2007

9. Riparian Ecosystem Management:Impacts, Restoration and Enhancement Strategies Riparian ecosystems at military installations are stressed by the effects of training activities. • Benefits: • Improved understanding of the impacts of upland and riparian disturbances from military operations on riparian ecosystem function. • Two riparian restoration strategies (woody debris additions and revegetation). • Tools to allow land managers to make decisions that more effectively protect the function of riparian ecosystems.

10. Riparian Ecosystem Management:Impacts, Restoration and Enhancement Strategies Principal Investigator: Dr. Patrick J.Mulholland Oak Ridge National Laboratory Environmental Sciences Division • Auburn University Jack Feminella, Ph.D. B. Graeme Lockaby, Ph.D. Kelly Maloney, Ph.D. Guadalupe Calvacanti Rachel Jolley Stephanie Miller Richard Mitchell • Co-Performers: • Oak Ridge National Laboratory Jeffrey Houser, Ph.D. Brian Roberts, Ph.D. • Fort Benning Gary Hollon

11. Development of Chrome-Free Welding Consumables Dr. Gerald S. Frankel The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio Weapons Systems and Platforms Project of the Year 2007

12. 41 ft 41 ft 10 ft 7.6 ft 7.6 ft Development of Chrome-Free Welding Consumables Welding fumes generated with conventional stainless steel welding rods contain carcinogenic hexavalent chromium (Cr+6). • Benefits: • Cr-free welding consumable for 300-series stainless steels that significantly reduces Cr+6 in the welding fume. • Cr-free welding consumable for stainless steels meets exposure limits for conventional welding processes currently used in many DoD industries. • Meets required corrosion and mechanical properties for welds.

13. Development of Chrome-Free Welding Consumables Principal Investigator: Dr. Gerald S.Frankel The Ohio State University • Co-Performers: • The Ohio State University • John C. Lippold, Ph.D. Boian Alexandrov, Ph. D. • Jeff Sowards Dong Liang

14. Implementation and Commercialization of New Germplasms for Use on Military Ranges Mr. Antonio J. Palazzo U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory Hanover, New Hampshire Project of the Year 2007

15. Implementation and Commercialization of New Germplasms for Use on Military Ranges Military training with tracked and wheeled vehicles disturbs ground cover and can lead to extensive erosion. • Benefits: • New grass cultivars with increased establishment rates and better resiliency to military disturbance. • Commercial seed production has begun. Grasses are applicable to more than 1.3 million acres of land. • Reduces cost and time requirements for maintaining and sustaining military training lands. • Guidance on seeding methods available for land managers.

16. Implementation and Commercialization of New Germplasms for Use on Military Ranges Principal Investigator: Mr. Antonio J. Palazzo U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory • Co-Performers: • USDA-ARS Kevin Jensen, Ph.D. • Blair Waldron, Ph.D. • Kay Asay, Ph.D. • USACE ERDC-CRREL Timothy Cary • Susan Hardy

17. Grenade Range Management Using Lime for Metals Immobilization and Explosives Transformation Dr. Steven L. Larson U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center Environmental Laboratory Vicksburg, Mississippi Project of the Year 2007

18. Grenade Range Management Using Lime for Metals Immobilization and Explosives Transformation Potential migration of munitions constituents (MC) from soil to groundwater poses risk on active hand grenade training ranges. • Benefits: • Simple cost-effective approach controls MC mobility and promotes degradation of compounds like RDX. • Lime is an inexpensive and readily available material. • Ties in with existing management, implementation costs are negligible. • Periodic application to the top layer of soil by hand or drop spreader. • Eliminates migration of MC and reduces future range cleanup.

19. Grenade Range Management Using Lime for Metals Immobilization and Explosives Transformation Principal Investigator: Dr. Steven L.Larson U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center EnvironmentalLaboratory • U.S. Army RDECOM-ARDEC Gregory O’Connor • Applied Research Associates, Inc. Catherine Nestler • U.S. Army Environmental Command Kimberly Watts • Shaw Environmental, Inc. Beth-Anne Johnson • Co-Performers: • USACE ERDC-EL Jeffrey Davis, Ph.D. Deborah Felt W. Andy Martin • U.S. Army Aberdeen Test Center Gene Fabian Greg Zynda