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R&D in France

R&D in France. Dominique Aymer de la Chevalerie Attaché for Science and Technology French Institute in Taipei. R&D in France. 1 - General statistics and budgets 2 - Structures 3 – New efforts towards innovation and industrial R&D. FRANCE ….

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R&D in France

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  1. R&D in France Dominique Aymer de la Chevalerie Attaché for Science and Technology French Institute in Taipei

  2. R&D in France 1 - General statistics and budgets 2 - Structures 3 – New efforts towards innovation and industrial R&D

  3. FRANCE … … AND ITS 22 REGIONS (AND OVERSEAS TERRITORIES)

  4. Hi-tech Innovations

  5. 1 - General statistics and budgets

  6. France-Taiwan :general comparison (2004) *PPP : Purchasing Power Parity

  7. France-Taiwan : research comparison (2004)

  8. R&D budgets 2003 (M$ PPP):

  9. R&D Budget 2003 (%GDP) :

  10. Private research • 1.18% GDP • 13.3 auto financing, 6 other private, 3.4 public ( billions euros) • Concentration in large companies • 3% companies (120)>2000 employees = 50% researchers, 58%budget, 75% public funding.

  11. Private research Repartition by sectors (2001)

  12. The need to develop private research

  13. 2 - Structures

  14. Ministry of higher education and research • Proposes and leads, together with other ministries involved, governmental policy for research and technology. • Prepares a new law for research. • Prepares the civil budget for research and technology (BCRD).

  15. Public research players Depend of Ministry of Research ( or/and other ministries) • 16 Public institutions of industrial and commercial value (EPICs) CEA, CNES, BRGM, CIRAD… • 9 Public institutions of scientific and technological value (EPSTs) CNRS, INSERM, INRA, INRIA... • 85 Universities • 200 Grandes Ecoles, Engineering schools • ANR (funding agency)

  16. French specificities • EPIC Vs EPST : • Government funding for all budget of EPST • EPIC must find extra budget to finance research and salaries • Universities Vs Grandes écoles: • No selection of students for university (students go to the nearest university after bac) • Preparation and selection for Grandes Ecoles

  17. Private Research • Public funding under Ministry of Industry • For SME : an agency OSEO in charge of creation, innovation (OSEO-ANVAR) and transmission

  18. Mixing the research institutions • Mixed labs (1000) • between public institutions (institutes, universities) • between public and private • between other countries institutions • Federation of research institutes • Public Interest Groups, scientific interest groups

  19. The European Framework programs • Objectives: • Better use of European research efforts • Creation of an internal market for science and technology « European Research Area » • FP6 : 2000-2006 : 17,9 billion Euros • FP7 : 2007-2013 : 72,7 billion Euros

  20. Academic (EPST) CNRS(general) 26,000, 2.7B€ INRA (agriculture) 8,800, 0.6B€ INSERM (medicine) 6,600, 0.55B€ INRIA (IT) 1,000, 0.14M€ INED (Demography) 170, 0.01M€ LCPC (civil eng.) 600, 0.04M€ Academic & Commercial (EPIC) CEA (energy, health and information technologies) 15,000, 3.1B€ CNES (space) 2,500, 1,9B€ CIRAD (agriculture) 1,850, 0,2B€ IFREMER (exploitation of the sea) 1,400, 0.6B€ Main French research institutions having collaborations in Taiwan

  21. CNRS : KEY FIGURES • 2006 total budget • 2.7 billion Euros (500 millions Euros proper resources) • Staff • 26,000 permanent employees (12000 researchers) • Plus 20,000 professors and researchers, 20,000 Ph.D. students, 2,500 postdocs in CNRS labs • Scientific production • 7,400 active patents • 11 Nobel prize winners • 20,000 publications/year

  22. CNRS : RESEARCH DEPARTMENTS and INSTITUTES • 6 research departments • Mathematics, Computer Science, Physics, Earth Sciences and Astronomy (called MIPPU) • Engineering • Environmental Sciences and Sustainable Development • Chemistry • Life Sciences • Humanities and Social Sciences • 2 national institutes • National Institute for Nuclear and Particle Physics (IN2P3) • National Institute for Earth Sciences and Astronomy (INSU)

  23. CNRS & INDUSTRY • 3,280 contracts signed in 2003 • 880 industrial partners • 150 million euros of revenues generated (EC contracts not included) • 2,657 research applications in effect • 295 exclusive patent applications in 2003 • 558 active licensing agreements of which 20% with start-ups • 50 million euros royalties • 190 new firms created involving CNRS laboratories

  24. 3– New efforts towards innovation and industrial R&D 3-1 The law of innovation and research 3-2 The new French scheme for research (2005)

  25. The Law on innovation and research (1999) • Mobility of researchers towards industry and start-up companies • Cooperation between public sector research institutions and companies • A fiscal framework for innovative companies • A legal framework for innovative companies

  26. Start up of technology based companies • The Innovation and Research Act (1999) • 480 scientists received an agreement for taking part in a start up since 1999 • National contest “starting up technology based innovative companies” • 9 505 applications in six years, 1 377 projects awarded, 692 companies started • Public research incubators • 30 incubators granted with 26 M€ for 2000-2003, 20 M€ for 2004-07 • Seed capital funds • 23 M€ invested in 11 seed funds (5 technology oriented, 6 regionally based) through universities and research institutes – 136 M€ under management

  27. 3 – New efforts towards innovation and industrial R&D 3-1 The law of innovation and research 3-2 The new french scheme for research (2005)

  28. The new French Scheme for research (2005) • More strategy • More human resources in laboratories • More emphasis on contracts, projects, incentive funds, evaluation and results • More support to innovation and industrial R&D

  29. More strategy (1): • The High Council For Science and technology • created in 2006 • 20 high level scientists • Directly attached to the President of Republic

  30. More strategy (2): • Establishment of main priorities : • Life sciences : cancer, elderly people, handicaps, new diseases • ITC • Energy Transports • Management of resources (Agriculture and food security, water resources) • Space, micro and nanotechnologies

  31. More human resources: • Efforts towards PhD students (observatory for employment, scholarships, co financing with industry) • More attractiveness for jobs (beginning, of career, better cursus in public research, more recruitments)

  32. More emphasis on projects, evaluation: • National Agency for Research (2005) • Agency for Evaluation (to be created in 2006)

  33. ANR : NATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH • A new agency created in 2005 to channel incitements funds to research laboratories. • 540 millions euros allocated in 2005 to 1 400 projects (maximum 3 years) selected trough 35 calls for proposals. • Beneficiaries: 4 500 scientific teams (included 800 companies). www.gip-anr.fr

  34. More support to Innovation and Technological partnership • The Competitiveness Clusters • The Agency for Industrial Innovation • Carnot Institutes

  35. Competitiveness Clusters • 66 clusters selected in 2005 for Government support • Geographically localised • 500 M€/ year between 2006 and 2008 (Call for proposals funded by 8 ministries and agencies (AII, ANR) • First projects supported from April 2006 • Cover innovation but also conventional fields

  36. 6 ‘GLOBAL’ CLUSTERS

  37. PARIS REGION : 2 clusters : • 1 Cluster : ‘SYSTEM @ TIC’ • 1 Cluster : ‘MEDITECH HEALTH’ REGION PARISIENNE 6French ‘global’ clusters … : * 2 in biotech ; * 2 in nanotech ; * 1 in I.T. ; * 1 in aerospace RHONE-ALPES: 2 clusters: - 1 ‘MINALOGIC’ (nanotech) - 1 Cluster ‘LYONBIOPOLE’ AQUITAINE + MIDI-PYRENEES : 1 cluster : ‘AEROSPACE VALLEY’ PROVENCE- P.A.C.A: 1 cluster : ‘COMMUNICATIVE AND SECURED SOLUTIONS’ (nanotech - I.T.)

  38. + 8 ‘GLOBAL CONTENDERS’ CLUSTERS

  39. PARIS REGION (P.R.) : 1 Cluster: ‘Image, Multimedia and Life’ – I.T. NORD-PAS DE CALAIS + PICARDIE 1 Cluster: ‘i - trans’ (Transport) CHAMPAGNE-ARDENNES + PICARDIE:1 Cluster : agro (bio-fuels) ALSACE : 1 Cluster: ‘BIO VALLEY’ (Biotech) BRETAGNE (2) - 1 Cluster: ‘Image and Networks – I.T.’ - 1 Cluster: ‘Sea-nergy’ PAYS DE LA LOIRE : 1 Cluster : ‘Specific Vegetal Plants’ (agro) … + 8 French ‘ global contenders ’ clusters : * 2 in agro ; * 2 in I.T. ; * 2 in maritime security * 1 in environment * 1 intransport ; * 1 in biotech RHONE-ALPES : 1 cluster: ‘Chemistry-Environment’ PROVENCE-P.A.C.A: 1 cluster: ‘Sea, Security, Safety’

  40. = • 14 INTERNATIONAL CLUSTERS

  41. PARIS REGION (P.R.) : 3 Clusters : 2 I.T.C. ; 1 BIOTECH NORD-PAS DE CALAIS + PICARDIE 1 Cluster : « i – Transport » CHAMPAGNE-ARDENNES + PICARDIE:1 Cluster agro- biofuels ALSACE : 1 Cluster : Biotech BRETAGNE : 2 clusters : 1 I.T.C.’; 1 ‘Maritime safety’ PAYS DE LA LOIRE : 1 Cluster : agro … = 14int’l clusters / 67 labellized (22,4% of total) ( 6 ‘global ’ + 8 ‘global contenders’) RHONE-ALPES : 3 clusters: 1 ‘Chemistry- Environment’; 1 Nanotech; 1 Biotech AGUITAINE and MIDI-PYRENEES: PROVENCE - P.A.C.A: 2 clusters : 1 Maritime Safety ; 1 Nanotech / I.T.C. 1 cluster ‘Aerospace’ Notice : PARIS, P.A.C.A. and RHONE-ALPES REGIONS gained the 2 kinds of int’l clusters colour gradation:

  42. + • 52 ‘NATIONAL’ CLUSTERS

  43. = 66 FRENCH LABELLIZED CLUSTERS

  44. Sectorial distribution of the 66 French clusters : • 10 BIOTECHNOLOGY • 11 NANOTECHNOLOGY (with applications) • 10 I.T.C. • 3 AEROSPACE • 21 BIO-ENERGY-ENVIRONMENTAL • 19 other (8 in agro-food, 2 in cosmetics, 2 in transport-I.T.S., 9 in different industries [logistics …])

  45. More support to Innovation and Technological partnership • The Competitiveness Clusters • The Agency for Industrial Innovation • Carnot Institutes

  46. Agency for Industrial Innovation (1) Launched in 08/2005Budget : 2 billion euros on 2005-2007 To support strong innovating programs through: • large companies involvement. • networking between larger and smaller companies and public labs. • optimising clusters in applied research. www.aii.fr

  47. Agency for Industrial Innovation(2) « Mobilisation programs for Industrial innovation » with 4 criteria : • Importance of the market • High technological innovation/ high costs • Financial implication of a company • Results achieved in 2 to 15 years

  48. Agency for Industrial Innovation (3) 2006: 5 projects:596M€, 236M€ govt. Aid • BioHub, valorization of agricultural resources (Roquette France) • HOMES, energy saving in buildings (Schneider) • NeoVal, Modular transportation system on pneumatics (Siemens) • Quaero, recognition of numerical contents (Thomson) • TVMSL: Mobile television without borders (Alcatel)

  49. More support to Innovation and Technological partnership • The Competitiveness Clusters • The Agency for Industrial Innovation • Carnot Institutes

  50. Carnot Institutes • 20 « Instituts Carnot » labelled so far • Label based on • Quality of research • Income from contract research with industry • Successful exploitation of patents and licence agreements • Management of contract research, in particular the capacity to meet clients needs

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